Agri-Ecotourism Village in Davao Essay

Davao City, a modern metropolis bursting with life, verve and color, located in a land world of 244,000 hectares touted as the worlds largest in land area. This city, teeming with a vibrant populace, is bustling hub of commerce, education, tourism, arts, culture and wellness in Southern Philippines. (Department of tourism 2013). It is one of the fastest developing cities in the Philippines. Because of the vastness of its area, the city has at heart it a series of different ancestries and cultural communities.This fast-paced urbanization has caused galore(postnominal) of our cultures to become victim of neglect. The indigenous communities continue to grow little and smaller every year bringing with them some of the old practices that we have great forgotten. Culture is no longer of importance in our union unlike modernization. The more we develop, the more we push these native people farther from our society and farther from their origins resulting in poor subsisting environ ments and the loss of our own culture. land is a significant factor in the growth of our country. It produces 17% of our gross domestic product and involves 33% of Philippine Labor. 66% of countries poorest population is composed of the agriculture area and 33% percent of this contributes to the greenhouse emission. Organic agriculture is a indorser to the citys economy and the attainment of food security, ecological sustainability and the eudaemonia of the people of Davao City. Organic agriculture cannot co-exist with genetically-modified crops, chemically produced crops and related organisms.The demand for primitive products produced by these indigenous communities increase every year. Global demand for primitive products is estimated at 15. 6 Billion Dollars, while RP organic exports have single reached 18 Million dollars. (Avila 2013) The preservation of our cultures is important as well as helping the indigenous community. Other than helping preserve our culture, we can o verly benefit from the old practices and harness from it, other resources found within the Indigenous Community.This study was conducted so as to find manners on how not to saturate but to improve this communitys way of living without the use of highly extractive resources but the use of sustainable resources instead. It hopes to find way in improving the agricultural sector as well as promote it to the public. The design shall adapt to the indigenous peoples way of living without inevitably using modern Architecture but of using Indigenous Architecture. It shall be a model for any future developments on indigenous villages.

Name of Student

The formalised UNacquired immune deficiency syndrome Website This fabric leave behind provide the following information 1) back up epiphytotic Update 2) idea on the Global AIDS Epidemic 3) Report on the Global AIDS 4) HIV Data 5) 2008 Report on the Global AIDS 6) occurrences of AIDS in different countries 7) etcetera (UNAIDS, n.d., n.p.).The declare entitled, AIDS Epidemic Update by the Joint United Nations computer programme on HIV/AIDS will provide statistical information, as well as, reasons for its occurrence (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 1998, n.p.).The feature denomination which state that, African AIDS the facts that demolish the myths will economic aid either eliminate or add to the reasons wherefore the epidemic is twist worse (Cook, 2009, p. 7). The author, Cook, will also validate former research studies on whether it is an essential element in fighting the AIDS epidemic or not (Cook, 2009, p. 7).Brookmeyers Peer-Reviewed material tells to the highest degree what will most believably occur in the future and what is currently taking place with regards to the AIDS epidemic (Brookmeyer, 1991, pp. 37 42).Rosenbergs Peer-Reviewed article will tell about the scope of the aforementioned epidemic in the United States (Rosenberg, 1995, pp. 1372 1375).Rosenberg et. al.s Peer-reviewed material will cover the current occurrence in terms of fresh great(p)s in the country suffering from HIV (Rosenberg et. al., 1998, pp. 1894 1899).Faucis special article discusses the following the origins of HIV, scope of the epidemic, prevention of HIV, development of vaccine, etcetera (Fauci, 1999, pp. 1046 1050).The article on the Health Transition Review by Ntozi answers the question on why the levels of widowhood have increased in countries in sub-Saharan Africa that are discomfit by the AIDS epidemic (Ntozi, 1997, pp. 125 144).Hosegood et. al.s research discusses the levels and causes of adult mortality in rural South Africa as well as the impact of AIDS (Hosegood et. al., 2004, pp. 663 671).Last but not least, Rambaut et. al.s study will help establish what causes HIV and how it evolved (Rambaut, 2004, pp. 52 61).ReferencesBrookmeyer, R. (1991). Reconstruction and Future Trends of the AIDS epidemic in the United States. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 253(5015), 37 42.Cook, M. (2009). African AIDS The Facts that Demolish the Myths. Retrieved March 28, 2009 from

Acid and Base Report Qualitative Data

vitriolics and Bases Labs Report Aim To study the characteristics of acids and bases. Experiment 1 atomic number 12 Ribbon with Sulphuric Acid observances substantial/ spirit Rate of response Bubbles Initial semblance Final tinct other Observations H2SO4 N/A N/A Colourless N/A Acid Mg N/A N/A Silver Metallic N/A Metal Mg SO4 game account Yes- High rate Colourless Colourless Heat is produced. Acidic smell Hydrogen shove along was produced. testify Burning Splint Result Popping sound boilersuit chemical substance Reaction Word Equation Magnesium + Sulphuric Acid ( Magnesium Sulphate + Hydrogen Chemical Equation Mg + H2SO4 ( Mg SO4 + H2 2. calcium Carbonate with Hydrochloric Acid Observations Material/substance Rate of reply Bubbles Initial colour Final colour Other Observations HCL N/A N/A Clear N/A Acid lime water system N/A N/A Clear N/A N/A Ca CO3 N/A N/A White N/A Salt Ca CO3 + HCL High rate/ Fast Yes.High rate/ Milky, Cloudy White, Cloudy, Heat is produced. Fast lessen formed Observation of Final solution Final solution was dusky with precipitation. general Chemical Equations Word Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid ( Calcium Chloride + Carbon Dioxide + Water Chemical Equation Ca2CO3 + 2HCL ( 2CaCl + CO2 + H2O 3. near equal amounts of atomic number 11 hydroxide and nitric acid (same concentration) Observations Material/substance Rate of reaction Bubbles Initial colour Final colour Other Observations HNO3 N/A N/A N/A N/A NaOH N/A N/A N/A N/A HNO3 + Indicator N/A N/A Strong Pink/ rose pink/ clear Test with PH paper PH 1, maroon NaOH + Indicator N/A N/A Test with PH paper PH 14, Dark purple HNO3 + NaOH High rate/ Fast N/A Heat is produced. Observation of Final solution Final solution was cloudy with precipitation. Overall Chemical Equations Word Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid ( Calcium Chloride + Carbon Dioxide + Water Chemical Equation Ca2CO3 + 2HCL ( 2CaCl + CO2 + H2O 4. slob (II) Oxide with hydrochloric acid Observations Material/substance Rate of reaction Bubbles Initial colour Final colour Other Observations CuO N/A N/A Black N/A Black powder HCL N/A N/A colourless N/A Acid CuO + HCL Fast N/A Black cloud, opaqueTurns aqua green, Heat is produced. clear, translucent Black CuO settles at the bottom of apparatus. Overall Chemical Reaction Word Equation Copper (II) Oxide + Hydrochloric Acid Chemical Equation CuO + 2HCL ( CuCl2 + H2O 5. Ammonium chloride solution with sodium hydroxide Observations Material/substance Rate of reaction Bubbles Initial colour Final colour Other Observations NH4Cl N/A N/A Colourless N/A Powder NaOH N/A N/A Silver Metallic N/A Metal NH4Cl + NaOH Test with PH paper, purple ( greater than 7, alkaline (basic) Acidic smell, pungent Overall Chemical Reaction Word Equation Ammonium Chloride ( Ammonium hydroxide + Sodium Chloride Ch emical Equation NH4Cl + NaOH ( NH4OH + NaCL

Population Is a Source Not Burden

world A homosexual Source Or Burden Zawar Hussain The world population milestone that is sparking a global discussion on todays most force per unit argona environmental, health and justice issues, Pakistans population has continued to grow at break-neck speed. This has put immense pressure on the resources Pakistan has or sess generate. some would argue that every birth produces a consumer. Increasing population is genuinely a blessing in Islam, Christianity and Judaism. So in religious awareness its good. Also if we analyze it, increasing population is actu altogethery good.Man power is a resource and not a burden, It is a burden if the wealth is distributed in an unjust manner, like for instance in Pakistan, India and through out the world. So if we want to follow capitalism thither will always be an unjust distribution of the wealth. But if we follow the Islamic concept of Zakat. 2. 5 % tax on savings (gold, money, silver property etc)not on salary, and we dispense with co rruption then its a blessing. And man power can be apply in market-gardening, industries and other productive things. In this way there wont be capitalistic pyramide and jobless concourse.Population, A gracious Resource A huge population can prove to be a nations heavy(p)gest summation. For the all-round progress of a heavy(a) nation, it is essential that all its pot contribute significantly to diverse areas and sectors of the economic formationlike agriculture, service industry, construction and other industries, to name a few. The able and hardworking people of a nation can emerge as a highly competitive merciful resource. A country term ahead magnanimously on the strength of its intellectual, educated and enterprising manpower. galore(postnominal) nations like Japan and Israel have proved it time and again.These nations are low-down in natural resources they lack land and other natural resources such as minerals, metals and water, and various sources of energy l ike natural gas and unrefined oil. But these nations have shown that the general populace could be turned into a rich human resource. Further, huge populations of young people, a majority of whom are hardworking and enterprising, can make a nation that finds respect worldwide, oftentimes evoking the envy of other nations which are under populated and lack the valuable human resources necessary for taking a nation forward. Highly talented and educated people can be proved valuable y providing their expertise and technical and no technical know-how to various industries and vocations, and can enormously add to the overall growth of nation. Nation has to excel in many fields by making the most imaginative use of its abundant human resource. If the huge rural population is suitably educated, trained and equipt in agriculture know-how, the nation would achieve excellence in agriculture of an unforeseen kind. This way the burden on the economy will comfortableness and the nation wil l progress by leaps and bounds as all its people will have a significant role to merriment in the nation- building process.A few lakh young people tweak every year in Pakistan,a sizeable section of them in original disciplines. Very few nations of the world can boast of such a feat. Conclusion According to my point of view and above all discussion,population is a human source, not burden. Some great personality had said Population is not a burden in itself It means that a intumescent population is not a burden on its own. A large population can be turned up as an plus for the country. The biggest example we can cite is China.It has a bigger population than in time India has, but we can see the level of development that China has when compared to India. It does not take its population to be a burden. It does not get tense and does not telephone about what to do with such a big population, but it uses its population as an asset. Population can be used as an asset if we have an attitude. we dont actually understand that population can be used as an asset instead of taking it as a burden. We can use our population as an asset by planning a good system of classification and sending people to various fields, as per their qualifications.We need to provide better education system and we need to keep it up continuously. We need to produce good human resource. . This we do easily. We are producing so many professionals every year, but the paradox is that we are not able to send them to work in incompatible fields, we are not able to employ them. So I think that a population can be used as an asset only and only if we understand this theory. We will need to train our people and fix them to work and then we wont take up our population as a burden.

Case: Supply Chain Management and Application Software Packages

Info from case total revenue for last reporting = cx million cio reviewed 3 following implementation strategies -classic dis in lineediation removal of intermediaries in a supply kitchen range. connects supplier directly with nodes -remediation-working more closely with ecisting middlemen partners. strategy could be affected by high contracting risks. -network- shapeing alliances and partnerships with both existing and hot suppliers and distributors involving a complex set of relationships. Networks tended to reduce search costs for obtaining randomness, products and services. selected remidiation because it outperform fits the firms goal of simplifying information sharing throughout the supply kitchen stove -also had longterm and positive(p) relationship with its primary distributors, which would alter the high contracting risk. The firm purchased argument woods from a number of producers and processed them to meet specific customer specifications. Approx. 60 percent o f woodsynergy sales were in high-end furniture Problems 1 preference of implementation plan is wrong LONG TERM -CIO chose remediation because it scoop up fit the firms goal of simplifying information sharing throughout the supply chain furthermore, the CIO noted that woodsynergy had a long-term and positive relationship with its primary distributors which would ameliorate the high contracting risk issue -the best way of simplifying data sharing is eliminating any unnecessary party that the information regards to proceed to. -remove the distributors and engage the customers directly -who argon we to decide how your existing distributors will musical note after you amend any contracts to include any new information system to the SCM that ultimately creates more overhead for them? the business model of woodsynergy suggests that the firm was committed to delivering information to the right people at the right era so that strategic and operational decisions were made properly a nd quickly -benefit going national prevented by local distributors if woodsynergy engages their end users directly it will fire better customer relationships as well as open latent national and international markets/ Causes -long-term relationships with distributors -contracts with distributors -CIO decision seems biased Alternatives choose classic intermediation -stay with remediation -choose networking Solution Chose Classic intermediation Removes the middle humankind The middle man share shift to suppliers, Woodsynergy and to the customer, making the company more profitable and increase the customer loyalty Efficiency instead of suppliers shipping first to the Woodsynergy and indeed Woodsynergy shipping the products to the customer, supplier can ship straight to the customer effectuation (implanting the plan find the need, develop the program, and implement it and the evaluate it) Business need System investigation System analysis System physique Proframming and testing Implementation Operation and mainenance 2 Prototype Built short term problem *** -due to budget and time constraints the project police squad chose to build a gateway ensample without addressing problems of integrity and timeliness with the systems data. The project team up up up decided to improve the data quality at a time to come date customers data needs to be secure. Period. For any duration no matter how short. Two of the key drivers included in gateway design were data standardization and real-time interface -It should be real-time interface and data integrity as aligned with Woodsynergys business goals. -release data standardization at a later time instead of data integrity Causes -budget -time constraint -phase 1 of prototype does not directly correspond to business goals Alternatives -cloud system from 3rd party -key drivers in phase 1 = data integrity and real-time interface/data standardization at future date/release Application package packages off the shel ves. superstar MORE alt Solution Application computer computer software packages off the shelves. oPrewritten, pre-coded coating software commercially available for sale oA lot of choices, with rating/reviews from its customers/users oOther companies are already using them oSome software companies even let you try them oQuicker solution, gives the it team to work on the bigger problem or new software oIt whitethorn be cheaper than labour and resources spent building prototype that may put companys customers information at risk Implementation . Identify potential vendors 2. Determine the evaluation criteria a. Functionality of the software b. Cost and financial terms c. Vendors reputation achiever stories/customer reviews d. System flexibility e. Security f. Required training g. selective information handling h. Ease of internet interface i. User friendly 3. quantify vendors and packages 4. Chose vendor and package 5. Negotiate a contract 6. Implement the software 7. Train t he staff/users 3 Project Team Questionable pitiable term and Long term? *** Causes launched multiple it based supply chain management initiatives -researched how gateways are used in their business and understand the various of technology on the internet in first few weeks this should get to a few days at most -phase 1 of prototype not aligned with business goals decision criteria this is what I think would be the criteria, we can discuss if you have others *** -budget need better coaching on team goal and better planning -increase customer satisfaction -be arranged with corporate mission -Time constraint implement fairly quickly -improve gelt within acceptable risk parameters Solution BE consistent with corporate mission Implementation Be consistent with corporate mission oTrain and propel them in every morning huddles oBefore implementing the any new plan or developing new software or making the decision to drip a new software, correlate it with the business strategy oDelegate effectively to team members oHold them accountable stay on top of their performance oGive the team budget quarterly yearly or project based so there will not be any wastages Source /http//plato. acadiau. ca/courses/Busi/IntroBus/CASEMETHOD. html/

Neem Oil

NEEM (Azadirachta indica) vegetable anele USED IN AN fossil inunct BURNER AS INCENSE MOSQUITO REPELLENT attracter OCAMPO, YSABELLA ASST. LEADER BALASOTO, JANUS MEMBERS ALLASAS, PATRICIA CASTANARES, JASON MIRANDA, CHRISTIAN NEEM (Azadirachta indica) OIL USED IN AN OIL BURNER AS INCENSE MOSQUITO REPELLENT INTRODUCTION Mosquitoes ar well-known pests to the good human race. Later in the 90s, they discovered that these arthropods ar also carriers amenable for transmission of devastating diseases to mankind. They transmit diseases by feeding on demarcation from vertebrates, including us humans.As years gone by, many studied the relationship mingled with the mosquitoes and the diseases they carry the possible ways of eliminating or counteracting the spread by these diseases in areas observed to have a large reckon of victims. Mosquitoes thrive in moist and relatively warm environments just like what tropical Countries are. Tropical Countries are home to most number of species of mosquitoes. Our country, the Philippines, is among the Tropical Countries. Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles are among the most vulgar species of mosquitoes and they carry a vicious disease that is to say Dengue, Malaria and Yellow Fever which can kill a human.These diseases are common yet deadly diseases to us and the number of victims are still drastically increasing. This leaves some authorities arguing whether mosquitoes are the most dangerous animals to mankind. The fair life span of the fe priapic mosquito is three to 100 days the male mosquito will survive 10 to 20 days, but we are non waiting that long for the mosquitoes to die for us to be safe. nim shoetree embrocate is a graphic substance extracted from the seeds of the margosa tree (Azadirachta indica), an evergreen indigen to India.Long employ in certain systems of traditional medicine (such asayurveda), margosa oil is thought to offer a number of benefits when applied to the strip down and/or hair. Neem oil contains several fatty acids thought to be beneficial to the skin, such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. Some proponents also hint that margosa oil can act as anatural insect nauseatelent. Known as azadirachtins, certain compounds found in neem oil are thought to possess insecticidal properties. (Wong, 2012) In 1994 the the Malaria Research shopping mallof Delhi, India tested whether lamp oil lamps with 1% Neem oil can comfort people from mosquito bites.For that test they burned the lamps in living rooms, and from 6 pm to 6 am caught the mosquitoes sitting on the walls and those attracted to human bait (i. e. volunteers). Neem oil clearly reduced the number of bites on the volunteers and also the number of mosquitoes caught. The protection was greater against anopheles species (the ones that transmit malaria) than against culex. A 1995 study at a field station at the Malaria Research sum total in Ranipur, Hardwar, India tested a mix of 2% neem oil conflate in coconut oil.The y showed that applying that mixture to the skin provided significant protection from respective(a) mosquitoes. It worked best against anophelines, offering 96-100% protection. The malaria transmitting anopheles mosquitoes fall into this group. The numbers for some other species were 85% for aedes (carries dengue fever), 61-94% for Culex spp. (can carry West Nile virus) and 35% for Armigeres. In 1996 the Malaria ResearchCenterof Delhi, India did a nonher field trial with kerosene lamps in an Indian village. Kerosene lamps with 1% Neem oil were unplowed tan from dusk to dawn in living rooms.They found that the lamps unplowed the mosquitoes out of the living rooms and that the malaria incidents of the population dropped dramatically (from about cardinal cases per thousand people to only one per thousand). Once the lamps were removed, the mosquitoes returned and so did the malaria. As for the safety of this method another 1996 study by the Malaria Research Centre in Delhi, India tes ted the effects of kerosene lamps with 1% neem oil. clinical examination of 156 adults and 110 children did not reveal any major unseemly effects after one year of exposure to 1% neem oil.This shows that depending uponwhat species of mosquito you are dealing with, trenchantness of use varies. For malaria protection Neem oil is fantastic. If you combine the 96-100% protection rate of the home made mosquito repellent with burning Neem oil when sitting outside and wearing sensible garments you are well protected indeed. A. Statement of the Problem. The number of victims of Malaria, Yellow Fever, and specially Dengue is drastically increasing as PIA or Philippine breeding Agency has confirmed. B.Objective of the Study. This study aims to know if the neem oil used as thurify added with herbs and other aromatic flowers will be an effective mosquito repellent. The main objective of this study is to know if our Neem fossil oil exacerbate along with other herbs will be enough to repel the mosquitoes from our skins and prevent them from biting us and for how long will it be able to repel the mosquitoes. C. Significance of the Study. This study is significant in solving problems relating the diseases brought by mosquitoes.The incense will repel the mosquitoes that carry diseases from the citizens living in areas with a large mosquito population. We will observe if the number of victims in a specific companionship will decrease once the incense is implied and used. Since our research is aiming if our Neem Oil Incense will be enough to prevent the mosquitoes from biting us, this shall athletic supporter our community lessen victims of the notorious mosquitoes. METHODOLOGY A. The primary materials needed for this test are oil burner and neem oil. Sampaguita and lemon wood pussy will be added to the neem oil to ensure an aromatic scent.The sampaguita and lemon grass does not necessarily affect the properties of neem in repelling the mosquitoes. B. Neem oilis avege table oilpressed from the fruits and seeds of the neem (Azadirachta indica), anevergreentree which isendemicto theIndian subcontinentand has been introduced to many other areas in the tropics. You can defile neem oil in Research Agencies like the International strain Research Institute located in UPLB, Phil. The sampaguitas and lemon grasss juices will be pressed with 1 ml of peeing until their juices are extracted.The juices of sampaguita and lemon grass will be added to the mixture. This will ameliorate the scent of the neem mixture. The mixture will be placed in the oil burner. We will light the burners for 6-10 hours. There will be 3 cages separately having two hours of difference. Cage As burner will be lit for 6 hours. Cage Bs burner will be lit for 8 hours. Lastly, Cage Cs burner will be lit for 10 hours. We will observe if the number of hours the burner will be lit has a great effect in the repellance of the neem oil.Since we are aiming on how to repel mosquitoes, we sh ould know first how to attract them in dress to know how effective our research will be. We will lure mosquitoes by putting on sweet-smelling lotions or creams. Invest in floral-smelling perfumes. To mosquitoes, these products are sweet-smelling like blood. These fragrances cause the mosquitoes to associate their floral scent for a possible blood supply. And then, as said earlier, we will test each cage with different number of hours. REFERENCES Ways on how to attract a mosquito.Retrieved from (http//www. ehow. com/how_8264153_attract-mosquito. html) Reviews of Related Literature. Retrieved from (http//www. terawet. com/Mosquito_Control_by_Neem. html) Diagram of Comparison. Retrieved from (http//www. doh. gov. ph/sites/default/files/2012Den28WMR. pdf) Information about Aedes. Retrieved from (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Aedes) Information about Anopheles. Retrieved from (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Anopheles) Information about Culex. Retrieved from (http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki /Culex)

Improving Student Outcomes And Provide Education Across Malaysia Education Essay

The abrogate of the reading case Key Results Area ( NKRA ) is to mitigate defrauder results and provide quality discipline for al hotshot go awaychilds across Malaysia. By looking globally at the surpass acting instructs, four indispensable countries have been identified. They atomic number 18the demand to warrantee every kid succeeds the demand to keep disciplineings accountable for alterations in bookman results the demand to put in great leaders for every civilize andthe demand to pull and develop top instructors. explore confirms that a motley of inducements for the assorted phases of instructors callings should be in topographic point. A World bound rating corroborates the value of inducements towards remediateing instructor quality ( Vegas & A Umansky 2005 ) .There atomic number 18 assorted types of instructor inducements including fiscal, toying conditions and teachingal game ( Kemmerer, 2007 ) .Fiscal inducements involve pecuniary, in-kind softw be documentation, bene upheavals and fillips. Instructional Support, on the former(a) manus, implicates points such as proviso of a plentytha uping stuffs, ongoing lord phylogenesis and calling chances. Finally, inducements related to on the job(p) conditions make up of things such as category wellness and practicedty conditions and proviso of rival interruptions. instructors by and large do non beat in the profession for fiscal benefits so inducements essential non exclusively expression at fiscal hire tho other countries that motivate and inspire in force(p) pattern. These affiancess keep include satisfaction from high bookman accomplishment, ack flatledgment, influence, larning new accomplishments, and personal growing ( Tomlinson, 2000 Odden 2000b ) . take aiming lag should h superannuated the chance for a calling way where faithfulness is rewarded with a assortment of inducements that tap into both their intrinsic and extrinsic motive.solely a a few(pren ominal) states have formalized a robust dodgings of performance-related engage in any sector ( Organisation for Economic Co-operation and suppuration, 2006 ) and even less in the precept sector. Tucker and Sclaifani ( 2006 ) indicate that in drift for earth insertion related rent to be pro prove iii thoughts must come into drama. First, we must be able to mensurate the end proceeds linked to the prevalent presentation whether at the person or team tier. Second, the end products from persons or squads must better the overall organizational end products. Last, that the occupys can be delivered in a mode that stock backs payoff of its resemblingly incentive value for prospective g ainrs.Many inquiry if it is possible, in administrations such as informs, which be extremely complex to develop exclusively rating systems linked to man presentation wage. Other concerns argon that collaboration among instructors leave endure and that incentives linked to capable cou ntries or exam cases allow contract the course of study ( Tucker and Sclaifani, 2006 ) .There ar a assortment of different everyday presentation suppositional accounts. Fiscal wagess give ground on disciple public presentation and lesson observations is called merit-pay ( McCollum, 2001 ) . Odden ( 2000 ) describes cognition and skill-establish compensation as increased wage minded(p) to those who receive extra reservations which is fictional to better instructors abilities. work-based compensation, involves theme-based fiscal wagess normally based on disciple public presentation ( Odden and Kelley, 2002 ) .A set of criterions for instructor public presentation and step tools is cardinal to being able to reasonably reward staff for their public presentation. Merit wage given to instructors separately has proved to be less-traveled in schools making competition and extinguishing the indispensable squad work and coaction bespeaked to construct excellence in school ( Odden, 2000 ) . inducement payments to full staff in schools have some(prenominal) times produced improve pupil accomplishment. This is around likely because of the demand to work unitedly, back up new or weaker instructors and to promote instructors who do non better to travel to a different profession. Odden ( 2000 ) anyway believes the sum of the fillip is of import and recommends 5-8 % of one-year wage as a wages for making tag. Figure 1 from Woessman ( 2010 ) at a lower place immortalises the consequences of a survey of assorted states demoing in general where wage for public presentation has been implemented reading, authorship, and math tonss have by and large been high.Merit-pay theoretical accounts were criticised for unfavorably altering coaction between instructors. Performance-based wages systems, interrogation now argues, can increase collegiality by watch overing co- operation between instructors ( Solomon and Podgursky, 2001 Cohn, 1996 ) , by group-bas ed wage wagess ( Mohrman, Mohrman, and Odden, 1996 McCollum, 2001 ) . Several oppositions of performance-based wagess postulate there is reasonableness of better/ much collegiality when group public presentation wagess are used ( See, for example, Firestone and Pennell, 1993 ) .Many studies terminate that intrinsic wagess are really of import to instructors ( Firestone and Pennell, 1993 ) . Firestone and Pennell ( 1993 ) argue that rating can sabotage the intrinsic wagess for instructors, as the feedback in the signifier of public presentation rating undermines intrinsic motive, even when the rating is positive ( accent in original ) nevertheless a significant original structure of books argues performance-based wages systems are an amelioration on the efficiency of salary gradational tablesOdden and Kelly s question confirms that wage for public presentation strategies and other inducements for instructors and principals can hold positive cause on pupil accomplishment. These methods are most telling when they are accompanied by professional development visualises, the support of school leading, accurate and dependable coverage of pupil accomplishment, and strong feedback mechanisms.5Odden and many others argue that the single-salary agenda can non take instruction to the degrees of productiveness short needed. Lazear s analysis of the effectivity of output-based wage suggests that performance-based mechanisms can be effectual if they are carefully designed and tied to allow metrics.40Many of the to begin with programmes tended to concentrate on single public presentation, in peculiar celibacy wage ( Richardson, 1999 ) , with recent arguments to a great extent likely to see group-based wages programmes, or cognition and accomplishment based wagess ( Odden, 2000a Odden and Kelley, 2002 ) .A 2004 OECD study on instructor quality found that the job of instructor deficits is permeant throughout OECD states and that the privation of quality i nstructors is holding a negative clashing on pupil larning. Across-the-board salary accommodations, targeted inducements and alternate employment steps are normal attacks that most states adopt to relieve instructor deficits, still that policies must term of en mentionment to other critical facets such as working conditions, professionalism, flexibleness, traffic security, instruction demands and occupation satisfaction from working with pupils.Must be replaced with a system that connects parts to compensation in meaningful slipway and that could be embraced by employers and instructors likewiseTwo-thirdss of OECD states have implemented performance-related salary systems in their public sectors, but few have used them in instruction. It is still true that few states have formalized a robust system of performance-related wage in any sector.When be aftering for an inducement plan the succeeding(prenominal) chart is ministrant to see effects both desirable and unwanted.Incent ivesIntentional or Unintentional design in demand(p) Impactundesired impactFor metaphorIncentivesIntentional designJob security linked to prove tonss sought after Impact change instruction and better acquisitionundesired impact pedagogics to the trial drop of low acting pupilsIncentivesUnintentional designStrong brotherhoods make it hard to fire instructors sought after Impact broad(a) instructors obtain more confident and secure in their occupations and hence Teach wellundesired impactBad instructors can persevere indefinitelyMost of the inducements researched have been negotiated and employed without programs for strict rating. The bulk of articles cited in international documents are studies instead than ratings that attempt to link results to the performance-related system in topographic point.Current Incentives in the Malayan Education SystemAction Research Projects some enterprises have been conducted in this uncouth throughout the state, but the enterprises are non moni tored consistently, so findings are non reported efficiently.Asophisticated surveiesThere are three manners for instructors and principals to prosecute in sophisticated surveies1 ) A they receive full wage, with no scholarships ( to cover breeding etc, they lead hold to pay on their ain )2 ) A they receive half wage, with scholarship given to cover tuition etc3 ) A if they receive direct scholarship offers from any organisation/institution, they forget hold to inquire permission from the relevant Ministry of Education section for blessing. These are decided on a individual footingScholarships are merely for public universities in MalayaMinistry of Education has a yonder acquisition degree plan from the local universities for the instructors and Head instructors of the rural unproblematic schools.Three organic structures sponsor these the public service section, the instructor instruction division and sometimes-individual MOE establishments like the School Leadership Institute instructors in rural or indoor schools receive a pecuniary inducement runing from RM700-RM1500 on top of their wage and life or lodging allowances.Resettlement allowances teachers receive an allowance when they receive a transportation from one school to some other, from one to town to other or from one obligation to another province. Travel agreements are besides provided to the instructors and their households to travel to their new topographic point of work. An agent appointed by the MOE to direct them over to their new topographic point of work testament manage their properties. each(prenominal) civil retainers besides enjoy forego aesculapian intervention from the govt. infirmaries they besides can use for loans to pur follow a reckon machine, a auto and even a house.The Government Transformation syllabus ( GTP ) Roadmap states that HPS will have inducements, which include an one-year allotment of RM700, 000 per school, every mo wakeless as RM1, 000 and RM700 for sc hool caputs, instructors and non-academic staff in secondary and primary schools, severally. The schools besides enjoy greater liberty in decision-making and let high-achieving pupils to go on faster through the system.National, produce and District givesMany loots are visible(prenominal) for instructorKhazanah Incentives for School StaffIncentiveResearch Summarycraved/UndesiredRating for verifyfulness School InitiativeFinancial ( comprises of Monetary, In sort, Benefits and Bonuses )Monetary refreshed instructor get kill fillip see Secondary Deficit Capable Schemeverbal description Up to ?5000 gainful to persons in last twelvemonth of survey to fall in the instruction force after graduationDates1985 to taper. assert UK, WalesEffective at displace but non retaining new instructorsName Golden Hello description ?2500-5000 for come ining and successfully finishing the initiation stage in secondary topicsDates 2002 to show invoke United kingdom valuation Effective at puff bu t non retaining new instructorsDesired Qualified campaigners are gettable to go over in schoolsUndesired Peoples are attracted merely for fiscal intents but so go forth the calling one time other higher paid options are availableSalary graduated tables explanation Higher compensation in the proterozoic old ages in couch to promote instructors to come in the regionDates varies says Australia, Denmark, England, Finland,Description Higher salary additions mid-career instructors to retain themDates varies utters Austria, lacquer, and PortugalDescription Wagess experienced instructors with largest additionsDates varies asserts Greece, Hungary, and New ZealandName n/aDescription Across the board wage rises promote the best lot to remainDates 1990 nominate Chile evaluation a World savings bank study notes that instructors experience has non been found to be an of import forecaster of pupil accomplishment in the major empirical surveies ( World Bank 1997, 97 )Desired Teachers fin d valued and execute goodUndesired Good instructors leave the profession due to fiscal evidenceProject engagement wageName Accelerated commandment Program ( Unicef )Description-all instructor receive fillip inducement each three monthsDates 1998-2007 call forth Liberia valuation This plan has issues with payments to instructors but otherwise was judged to better buy-in and results for pupilsDesired Teachers feel valued and buy in to new enterprisesUndesired Teachers feel overwhelmed with the alteration cognitive process and leave stationsExtra allowance for distant locations/low acting schools ( hardship allowance )Description Teachers receive salary addendums to mulct in deficit or rural countries calculate Ensure instructors are available for all kids enjoin Canada/Chile/Ireland/Australia/MalaysiaDesired Qualified campaigners are impulsive to learn in hard areas/circumstancesUndesiredMaterials AllowanceDescription Materials allowances given to all schools at start of domes ticize undertaking to buy resources that enhance the acquisition surroundings subprogram To continue bargain in to project and heighten instruction and acquisition environmentDates2006-presentState UAE rating Effective in making a development civilizationDesired Schools feel empowered and have the tools they need to better their schoolsUndesired Schools spend money on resources that do non better pupil outcomes e.g. ornamentsTravel AllowanceDescription Teachers given train base on ballss to acquire to work economic consumption Part of the benefitsDates ongoingState JapanCanada, Australia, Europe- Moving costs to initial occupation arrangement for most arrangements in rural countries or challenging schoolsDesired Teachers are more unstrained to work in locations farther from place base ensuing in a supply of instructors availableUndesired Teachers take allowance but have high degrees of absenceIn Kind Support lootsName NationalTeachingExcellenceAwardDescriptionprovides introduce sfor50teachersthatwerenominatedattheschoollevelandmadeitthroughthenationalqualificationstothe rewardlevelName School based AwardDescription Awards at the school degree with discretionary financess made available by the authorities show To honor splendid instructorsDatesState Denmark, NetherlandsDesired comprehension of Good work leads to more good work and sharing of good patternUndesired rough co-workers feel covetous or angry and do lessFree or subsidised lodgingDescription dispense with adjustments in its distant countries object To promote staff to populate in distant countriesDatesState DanmarkDesired Qualified campaigners are willing to learn in distant countriesUndesired Poor quality instructors are attracted to schools that need the most supportFree or subsidized intellectual nourishmentDescription Free or subsidized nutrient to staffState European statesDesired Qualified campaigners are willing to learn in distant countriesUndesired Poor quality instructors are attra cted to schools that need the most supportPlots of landDescription Plots of land given to staffPurpose rise to make a place base in rural countriesDatesState AfricaDesired Qualified campaigners are willing to learn in distant countriesUndesired Poor quality instructors are attracted to schools that need the most supportLow employment loansDescriptionPurposeDatesState Demark, Greece-Preferential rates for mortgages at the discretion of the local school governmentsDesired Teachers feel more financially unafraid and there are more able to concentrate on be aftering first-class lessonsUndesired Teachers take loans but there is no betterment in acquirementScholarships for ain kidsDescriptionPurposeDatesState Worldwide Most international schools provide free topographic points for staff kidsDesired Teachers who bring their ain kids to a school want the best for their kid and work harderUndesired Teachers kids get fussy interventionFree points e.g. books, laptops etcDescriptionPurposeD atesState Denmark-teachers who agree to learn in distant countries are bailable a place personal computing machine, and entree to sweeping shoppingDesiredUndesiredBenefitsPaidDescriptionPurposeDatesState Australia- to remain in distant countries, glut one-year leave of 5-8 yearssDesiredUndesiredUnpaid leaveDescriptionPurposeDatesState Canada-allows instructors to take unpaid leave for household events, holidaies etcDesiredUndesiredSabbaticalDescriptionPurposeDatesState Australia-all caputs eligible for sabbatical every 5 old ages. Paid at 80 % for 4 old ages to modify this at no costDesiredUndesiredRecognition towards a packagingDescription Recognition towards a hereafter publicity for education in disputing or distant countriesPurposeDatesState Korea, ChinaDesiredUndesiredSick leaveDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredPregnancy LeaveDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredHealth insuranceDescriptionPurposeDatesState Europe-countries include wellness benefits over an d supra the usual societal services accorded to all citizensDesiredUndesiredPensionDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredAdditional Paid WorkDescription teachersarepaid $ 20.00perdayforeach studentteacherundertheirdirectionbi-weekly.DatesState Nanavut CanadaDesiredUndesiredLife insuranceDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredCrecheDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredBonuss all in all school public presentation based wage linked to exam consequences or KPI marksName NationalPerformanceEvaluationSystemDescription Schools are sort out by social-economic conditions, and so the top 25 per centum inside each group are rewarded for their public presentationPurposeDatesState ChileEvaluation Increased the tonss in the province test by between four and 18 points effects were greater among those schools with more favorable external conditions.Date c2004State IsraelEvaluation ledtoimprovedteachingmethods, increasedafter-schooltutoring, andbetterresponsivenesstostudentsneeds onthepartofteachersProfessionalCompensationSystemforTeachers1999-2003Denver, USAEvaluation Evidencefromthepilotprogramstronglysuggestedthatthepayforperformanceprogramwas a catalystforchangethatbenefitsallstudentsandteachers. 34Studenttestscores weresignificantlyhigherforelementaryandmiddleschoolstudentsinclassroomswithteachers whohadbeeninthepilotfor dickensormoreyearsDesired Schools pull together as a whole squad to better pupil resultsDesired Student Accomplishment additionsUndesired Teachers teach to the trial, ignore low punish pupils or darnel to demo advancementUndesired Freeriderproblem someteacherswhoarenotcontributingtotheoutcomesofstudentsarerewardedbecauseof othersactionUndesired Could honor wealth instead than public presentation, dispro plowshareately honoring instructors at high-performing schools in general for the natural stuffs they are handed i.e. , better pupils.Undesired Teachers focus on certain topics to the disregard of other topics.Individual public p resentation based wageName Teacher Excellence IncentiveDescription $ 200 million fund, for one-year fillips of up to $ 2,500 to honor effectual schoolroom instructors employed by territories that agreed to fit the province moneyPurposeDatesState Texas, USADescription Pay based on run intoing instructor criterionsDates 2003-presentState SuomiName Description Excess wage for instructors who increased GSCE consequencesDatesState United kingdomEvaluation foundthatthestudentsscoredonaveragehalfaGCSEpointmorethanequivalentpupilstaughtBythesameteachers in advancethesystemwasputinplace.DescriptionPurposeDatesState Colorado, USA Evidence strongly suggests that the wage for public presentation plan was a accelerator for alteration that benefits all pupils and instructors.DescriptionPurposeDatesState Israel-study found that wage for public presentation enterprises had a positive impact on pupil accomplishment -led to improved instruction methods, increased after-school tutoring, and better reactivity to pupils demands.Desired persons who are making outstanding work are recognisedUndesired Promotes competition non coaction among instructorsBonus wage for excess activitiesDescriptionPurposeDatesState USA- extra wage stipends for duty for an activity after school, such as yearbook or athleticss but the supervising of pupils between categoriesDesiredUndesiredNo absence BonusDescriptionPurposeDatesState India-ThePublicReport onBasicEducation ( PROBE ) convincinglyshowedthatone-thirdofthehead teacherswereabsent in India on a given twenty-four hoursAfrica-DesiredUndesiredPhysical EnvironmentDescription Improvement inthe visible installationsPurposeDatesState India-was a factor that influenced motivationlevels. Cleanliness, conveyance, furniture, imbibing H2O and lavatories ( for adult females instructors ) the list was reasonably longDesiredUndesiredGrants for schoolroom or school undertakingDescriptionPurposeDatesState UK-ASTA can use for a grant to better a ad hoc fac et of a schoolDesiredUndesiredBonus for rural schoolsDescriptionPurposeDatesState Australia-DesiredUndesiredInstructional SupportOngoing Professional Development retribution towards a QualificationName ProCompDescription Evaluates and compensate instructors based on a figure of factors, including grades and professional development units obtainedPurposeDatesState Denver, USAEvaluation At least 100 surveies in the past decennary have documented that extremely skilled, extremely effectual instructors help pupils larn moreDesiredUndesiredIn service Training CoursesName Teacher Empowerment -a plan sponsored by the United Nations Children s Fund ( UNICEF ) .Description better the school environment by tapping into school-level resources, administrative support and to bum instructors morale, self-esteem that, in bend, boosts pupil registration and attending.PurposeDatesState IndiaName Joyful learnednessDescription involves child-centred activities and promotes active acquisition patter ns by actuating kids and instructors to wish acquisition, and instructors to add up active acquisition activities in the schoolroom.DesiredUndesiredAccredited CPDDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredTime off for University classsDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredCoaching and Mentoring supportDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesired confine ClubsDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredCareer DevelopmentPromotionDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredExcellent teachers/Lead instructorsName Advanced Skills Teacher/SpecialistClassroomTeacherfor SecondarySchoolsDescription Promotion without go forthing the school for an disposal station. Teachers spend 20 % of graze assisting instructors in other schools /NZ $ 6,500supplementPurpose To maintain first-class instructors in schools portion good patternDates / 2006 pilotState UK/New ZealandName Pedagogical Excellence AwardDescription Award granted after requires base on balls in a scripted appraisal of pedago gical and content cognition and entry a portfolio.Purpose To honor first-class instructorsDates 2002 to showState ChileDesiredUndesiredMaterialsGuide books for instructional intentsDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredTextbooks and other stuffsDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredResourcesDescriptionPurposeDatesStateDesiredUndesiredWorking ConditionssClass SizeDescriptionPurposeDatesStatePlaning TimeDescriptionPurposeDatesStateHealth and safetyDescriptionPurpose high absenteeism is traced to hapless motive and working conditions )DatesStateComfortDescriptionPurposeDatesStatePraise/RecognitionDescriptionPurposeDatesStateTeaching aides/assistantsDescriptionPurposeDatesStateAdequate interruptionsDescriptionPurposeDatesState governing SupportDescriptionPurposeDatesStateKhazanah Incentives for School Staff A Proposal of betrothed OptionsThe plan provides increases in compensation based on increased cognition and accomplishments, professional rating, willingness to make ful l hard-to-staff places or learn in hard-to-serve schools, and making specified pupil growing aims, including public presentation on the province tests, and other inducements related to school- broad distinguished public presentation.Tiing additions in teacher compensation to student achievement appears to supply inducementsTo instructors to look actively for ways to better their public presentation that might hold been available before the inducements were offered, and that their involvement in actively taking advantage of such op- chances increases.Evaluation These methods are most effectual when they are accompanied by professional development plans, the support of school leading, accurate and dependable coverage of pupil accomplishment, and strong feedback mechanisms.3A list of proposals suited for dedicate schools can be found below. There is a assortment of options included with each so that costs can be reduced or increased as needed by Khazanah to sanction maximal impact. I ncentives should be discussed in central point groups with selected school staff in both rural and non-rural schools to guarantee school staff voice has been heard with relation to inducements.Start up- research shows change direction requires motiveWhole School Based-research shows whole school based inducements create coaction and concerted acquisitionLateral Awards-evidence show competition between schools is healthyIndividual Rewards-each individual is motivated otherwise. Some people who have gone beyond the call of responsibility deserve to be recognised and rewarded. Equally long as competition is non within a school, there should be no negative impact stimulus generalization Teachers at the start of the undertaking need motivation and incentive to buy-in to a new manner of working which necessarily will be harder and take more clip and attempt but should ensue in greater occupation satisfaction and better consequences for kids in the long tally. In order to get down to inq uire instructors to prosecute the followers options are suggested course Undertaking Start-upName Khazanah School Tool KitTargeted at Whole school staffConsequences in occupation satisfaction pride buy-inDetailss A branded tool box given to each new Trust school staff genus Phallus complied with basic equipment ( stage or occupation specific ) and personalised to the school/subject demandsFor illustration, art stuffs, pens, whiteboard markers, spines, documents could include laptops and other points to better engineeringForms to bespeak for immediate support from a Khazanah unavoidableness Fund for little points with set bounds per point and per school ( e.g. up to 100 ringgit per point and up to 1000 ringgit per term ) that will impact instantlyKhazanah Teacher Portfolio-a branded portfolio designed for instructors and caput instructors to maintain their grounds base in an orderly manner in order to consequence some of the alterations to learning and larning that are requiredM aterials Welcome missive, Khazanah branded items- e.g. chapeau, notepad, bring through ( All staff )Principals above plus laptop Teachers besides turnout for the category with markers, pens, spines, art stuffs ( to documentgrounds )Schools-digital camera to document grounds x 3 Approximate cost Laptops x 10 Cameras x30 EvaluationPhase Start -upName Khazanah School Environment GrantTargeted at Whole schoolConsequences in better larning environments DetailssMaterials Cash Guidance pamphletApproximate costEvaluation synopsis Teachers in trust schools will be encouraged to work at a degree above the current Ministry criterions. In order to actuate instructors to travel frontward and to give acknowledgment an Award will be bestowed on those teachers/head instructors who meet the Trust school criterions. All teachers/head instructors should take for this award about all instructors should have this award in due classPhase OngoingName Khazanah Teacher, traverse Teacher Awards Princ ipal/Master Principal AwardsTargeted at All learning staffConsequences in Recognition, pride, a valuable making,Detailss Extra elements added to Performance Standards to huff a bead on towards being a Khazanah teacher/ winner teacher/Principal or Maestro PrincipalDocument brochure will be provided with full inside datas of application social function with signifiers and illustrationAnnual Regional Khazanah Award ceremonial where awards are bestowed apiece teacher/principal who meets the criterions receives a certification and pin to be worn at schoolA pick of wages includesFor TeachersTwo-day external Professional Development classWrite up in the Khazanah Trust newssheetA transcript of a book on Best Practices in learningCash wagesFor Master instructorsLaptopPayment towards a know UnitAttendance at a Regional crowd loudspeaker at Khazanah Leadership companyFor PrincipalLaptopMalaysia Study project to Best Practice schools in state ( one hebdomad )Payment towards Masters UnitA ttendance at a Regional conventionFor Master PrincipalsOption of paid sabbatical after 7 old ages supranational Study visit ( one hebdomad )Payment towards two units of a Masters/PhDSpeaker at Khazanah Principal s companyMaterials Detailed manual including application signifiers pins, CPDApproximate costEvaluationPhaseName Khazanah Excellent Practice Research ScholarshipsTargeted atConsequences in Local cognition, acknowledgment, new accomplishmentsDetailss Teacher links with a local university -contacts would necessitate to be negotiated with Khazanah /Nord AngliaUniversity provides basic information on research in this countryCover may be needed for instructors categoriesTeacher implements or observes a alteration in schoolroom with support from universityForms, preparation and processs will be created to back up this procedureResearch to be published on Khazanah Trust schools Portal or newssheetsSmall grants possibly available up to 1000 ringgit for instructors research deman dsThe Research Office reviews all proposals for eligibility. Those petitions that throw out are given to the Research Council for militant reappraisal and rating. The Research Council will supply a prioritized list of recommendations for support to the Vice prexy for Research, based on the quality of the proposals as reflected in the reappraisal standard. The Vice President for Research will do award determinations based on recommendations and available financess.The Research Office reviews all proposals for eligibility. Those petitions that qualify are given to the Research Council for competitory reappraisal and rating. The Research Council will supply a prioritized list of recommendations for support to the Vice President for Research, based on the quality of the proposals as reflected in the reappraisal standard. The Vice President for Research will do award determinations based on recommendations and available financess.Fundss from the General Research Fund ( GRF ) are awarde d to faculty for research that is non otherwise supported by organized or directed plans. The purpose of the GRF is to enable module to transport out scholarly, originative work that should take to the chase of other support beginnings, or advance the development of scholarly activities. Undertakings funded through the GRF could include pilot research, exigency support, emerging research chances, new research field or new research field for research worker, evolution research research labs, or centrally-shared research resources.Materials Support for university grants hard moneyApproximate cost 20,000 $ USEvaluationAbstraction Cover is an issue uncovered during the baselining procedure. In other states, we have found similar issues. Making a system that rewards instructors for screen could incentivise instructors to take categories.PhaseName Khazanah Cover Teacher Points SystemTargeted atConsequences in safe and unafraid environment for pupilsDetailss A screen timetable is produc ed for each schoolTeacher receive points for each screen lesson doneDocuments and processs will be provided for this procedureAt terminal of month or terminal of term instructors pack from the list below based on pointsTen cover lessons ratty thrust and educational book20 cover lessons Voucher to purchase supplies30 cover lessons Sponsorship to travel to a ConferenceMaterials flash thrusts books verifiers conference feesApproximate costEvaluationKhazanah Academic Targets AwardCreates whole school buy-in, teamwork, improved consequencesEach school receives specific annually marks based on informations from baselining visitsSchools have patterned advance meetings with Cluster Managers each one-fourth to discourse betterments towards marksSchools that meet marks receiveSchools that meet over 60 % of marks Grant for 5000 ringgit towards one of the undermentioned enterprises school library, ICT integrating, betterment of school environment or another justifiable enterprise in the s choolSchools that meet over 80 % of marks Grant for 10000 ringgit towards one of the undermentioned enterprises school library, ICT integrating, betterment of school environment or another justifiable enterprise in the schoolSchools that meet all marks Grant for 25000 ringgit towards one of the undermentioned enterprises school library, ICT integrating, betterment of school environment or another justifiable enterprise in the schoolIn add-on all staff receive certifications, school trophy, award ceremonial acknowledgment in Khazanah newssheets etc.Khazanah Education ConferenceCreates Professional dutyEach school is to lend to the presentations by electing a staff member to run a workshop demoing good pattern from their schoolEach Principal presents a journey through the alterations in their ain schoolConference inside informations to be planned and organized by Nord Anglia ( e.g. Heartss and heads )International talkerTravel costs to conferenceBesides leading conference for School PrincipalsKhazanah School Grant AwardsCreates enterprise to better countries of the schoolEach school may use for up to 2 grants per academic twelvemonthGrants will be to a maximal sumBooklet and application processs and procedure, rating to be providedGrants can be for any enterprise that is likely to better pupil accomplishment and/or wellbeingEvery school has the chance of being selected to have a grantLateral Awards-Across Trust school inducementsAbstraction A scope of awards to advance competition and inducement across the trust schools is needed. For each proposal accepted a Booklet will be designed with the standards, application procedure and grounds base needed.Most Improved schoolMost Improved instructorBest Leader AwardKhazanah Most Improved Trust School AwardBest companionship InvolvementBest Parental Support plansMost supportive school -supporting others within the TrustAdvanced Khazanah School AwardAbstraction This is a extremely esteemed award given merely to schools that are outstanding and still go oning to better and a theoretical account for others. As the trust schools grow in figure in each twelvemonth, these schools will be used to see, portion good pattern and lead others. Pride and acknowledgment in the community and the Trust school group are the wages for this accomplishment.For PrincipalsSalary Scale AdjustmentsCreates honor and equality in working conditions retaining of staffPrincipals wages reviewed in each school and exceed up wages provided bespoke to schools to guarantee that principal is on a higher graduated table than other staff in little schools, principals can make higher wage graduated tables and they are non limited to Ministry graduated tables

Miniver Cheevy Essay

In the poem Miniver Cheevy the cause emphasizes the fusss of the main character. The poem shows Minivers desire to have been born in medieval times. His longing is changed to satisfaction when he thinks about this period in history The vision of a warrior bold / Would set him dancing. (Lines 7-8) As the reader becomes acquainted with Miniver, he sees him as a romantic daydreamer with the fantasy of being a knight. He hates the fact he was born in this day and age. He horizontal hates the day he was born, He wept that he was ever born, / And he had reasons. (3-4)The creator feels that Miniver is torn between reality and fantasy. He knows that Miniver is not satisfied with his life. He describes Miniver as yearning for the past, Miniver sighed for what was not, / And dreamed, and rested from his labors /He dreamed of Thebes and Camelot, /And Priams neighbors. (9-12) The author knows that Miniver wishes to live in medieval times or some early(a) glorious period in history. On th e sur flavor, both the characters Richard Cory and Miniver Cheevy seem to be simple and easily understood. However, both ar complex individuals with demons that drive them.They are similar in their dissatisfaction with their lives. They are different in the methods that they use to face their dissatisfaction, but both characters have a void in their lives that is the locate of their discontent. This void compels them to partake in actions that are detrimental to their lives. Richard attempts to solve his problem when he commits suicide. Evidently his wealth is not fulfilling enough to overcome his national turmoil. His mannerisms in public portray him as man content with himself and his wealth.In fact, the towns mess long to be like him. In fine we conceit that he was everything/To make us wish that we were in his place (lines 11-12) His demons drown him, and he is sick of hiding behind the guise of a rich man who seems to be content. In the end Richard takes his life and end s his delusion with society. impertinent Richard Cory, Miniver Cheevy, chooses a different route to end his discontent. His soul aches to live in a different time and place. He tries to resolve this pain by detaching himself from reality.He daydreams of a more romantic era and the gallant people who live there. Miniver loved the days of old/ When swords were bright and steeds were prancing. (5-6) He seems to do most of his daydreaming while drinking. His drinking does not lead to a solution. Instead, his life is a continuous cycle of discomfort and pain that longs for a different life. He attempts to drown this pain with drinking, Miniver Cheevy, born too late, /Scratched his subject and kept on thinking /Miniver coughed, and called it fate, /And kept on drinking. (29-32) Minivers problems moreover get worse. He fuels the fire with his consumption of alcohol, and the cycle begins again.

How Digital Technology Reduce Cost in Movie Industrial

For many years, in the ikon labor, it has utilise choose as the medium on which to allocate and play defend tapes. Film which is abstemious to expenditure, and plastic film orbits have knowledge in owning and run that projection Systems. But it is also posh. A one line or a case-by-case film print, for example, can cost as much as US$2,000 to form and weigh over 50 pounds approx. A movie in broad release is usually shown on to a greater extent than 4,000 screens approx, which can mean a charge approx US$8 one thousand thousand in prints plus the cost of transferral heavy film canisters to movie theaters some the globe.Further, a film print lasts only for roughly about 3040 demonstrates, as a pull up stakes printing and institutionaliseping costs for flourishing movies can easily be twice or thrice as a film prints carry out and it is consume to be replaced. Now, the high cost of movie circulation is regarding to change as salubrious as the movie industry transition s in to the digital distri onlyion and playback of show. With digital cinema, movies be disseminated via hard drive or satellite, avoiding the need to generate and ship costly, heavy film prints.Once at the show business, movies are stored as digitally and played back using digital projectors. Movies stored on digital media but do not wear out as film prints do, as a result, they do not need to be replaced for the duration of dour runs. Overall, the movie industry anticipates such incredible capital savings from the understudy to digital media sharing that it is expected to convert entirely from of film in to digital media in the next few years or orgasm time. Digital cinema offers major benefits in to theater owners as well.Distinct film prints, in digital cinema it does not limit the number of screens showing a given or running movie, as a result each theater compound or complex desires only single copy of a particular movie. In addition, theater owners can use digital projec tion equipment to show non-movie entertainment such as sports, know music and etc. However, picture theaters must experience a engine room renovation for digital cinema to pee changing from tried and truthful film based projection systems to projection and digital luggage compartment.Many theater owners are unenthusiastic to switch to a digital infrastructure because they are anxiously concerned about the cost and manageability of such an environment. To suspensor those movie theaters formulate the transition in to digital technology, the dell OEM assiduity Solutions Group is working with digital cinema salespersons to develop a full-bodied, exceedingly performance solution that is also expenditure effective and straightforward or easy to support .Worldwide movie theaters are rapidly switching since film-based movie projection in to digital playback technology enormously. To help theaters commencing manage this changeover, the Dell OEM Industry Solutions Group has developed a money-spinning, highly performance digital cinema solution that is designed to be dependable and simply easy to support this (Flint, 2007). As video on demand (VOD) services are deployed, cable operators will experience a fundamental reallocate in their industry, moving from broadcast to uncast content delivery.There is another momentous change is the entree of Gigabit Ethernet into their network, which is hugely providing an unprecedented opportunity it to turn the cable operators infrastructure into a sustainable ready for action advantage. However, Gigabit Ethernet is much more than just ictus it is the establishment of the Next-Generation Digital Video Network. This is very huge part in our life (Taub, 2009). Digital technology helps us to consume time well timed(p) in our work and that will be very countable work in our in our industrial environment, due to this the work will be also automatic because of simple machinery based work.And further there is a essential invest ment in first time when u plant your machine there is no basic salaries, allowances and etc . due to digital effect the competition increasing will be also eligible in an industry ,digital technology has the potential to reduce distribution cost a sensible movie print price $1000 approx each. Though, we have seen that the digital technology is more than important technology in our future world.

A Comparative Essay Between 1984 and Brave New World Essay

It is interesting to none, in advance anything, the similarities between Brave unused origination and 1984. Firstly and rather obviously, they atomic number 18 both prophetic novels, they were both written in turbulent successions, both suffering changes that could revert the future of the world.When 1984 was written, the world had just gotten out of a second war and the surprising rise of communism and their totalitarian government was frightening nearly of the western world. In George Orwells novel, the main disturbance seems to be the overtaking of a supreme, socialist totalitarian government/dictatorship. On the other hand, when Brave New World was written, the world had just been sweep by a wave of mass production and consumerism, and that too is reflected in Aldous Huxleys ultra-modern, test-tube baby, sleep-taught rules of order.That is exactly what makes the two novels so alike and so polar at the same time. To begin with both authors forecast a society of obedie nce and compliance, but on one hand, the Brave New World is also driven by consumerism and high advanced technology and medicate abuse (soma, to ensure the happiness of the populace), Now- such is progress- the venerable men work, the old men copulate, the old men have no time, no unoccupied from pleasure, not a moment to sit down and think- or even so by or so unlucky chance such a shot of time should yawn in the solid substance of their distractions, there is forever some, delicious soma half a gramme for half a holiday returning when they find themselves on the other side of the crevice, beneficial on the solid ground of daily labour and distraction.Whilst 1984 is a b are, war stricken place with food rations and the like, Outside, even through the fill up window-pane, the world looked cold. Down the street little eddies of wind were whirling patter and torn papers into spirals, and though the sun was shinning and the sky was blue, there seemed to be no colour in any thing, except in the posters that were plastered everywhere. twain novels also similar in the aspect that most inha cow chipants do not seem to see a problem with the world they live in, most comply and obey, in Brave New World, most consume, but in both novels, there are the odd sheep. In Brave New World Bernard Marx, But hes so ugly And and then sosmall. Fanny rebels because he does not fit in do a grimace smallness was so horribly and typically low-caste. In 1984, Winston Smith rebels because he does not accept, to the future or the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone- to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone. From the age of uniformity, from the age of solitude, form the age of Big Brother, from the age of doublethink-. says Winston. both(prenominal) novel seem to portray societies divided into castes, in 1984 there are three of them the proles, the outer Party and the inner Party, the prole s are the ill-informed masses, the outer caller are the medium working class, and the inner party are the controllers. In Brave New World, the castes are a bit more literal, four in total, Alphas, intelligent and beautiful, have the high positions, Betas, not quite as perfect as the Alphas, Gammas, part of the uneducated masses and finally Epsilons, similar in IQ to oysters, the workers and cleaners.Both novels can be regarded as novels that changed history, that is, when they were written it seemed that things were headed in the direction that both novels pointed out, and some people considered that it was the novels that opened peoples eyes and showed them the way. However, many other people seemed to think that both were equally extreme to have really concretized themselves.

Jb Watson

J. B. Watson In 1878 toilet Broadus Watson was born to Emma and Pickens Watson. A poor family in Greenville, fede bunsion Carolina. 1913 was the year he published his illustrious paper on behaviorism, which was middling controversial. In 1919, Rosalie Rayner graduated from Vassar and came to Johns Hopkins as a grad bookman. She collabo tail ended with Watson on the famous superficial Albert study of conditioned emotional responses in 1920. She collaborated with him.The Little Albert examine was a famous psychology experiment conducted by behaviorist John B. Watson and graduate student Rosalie Raynor. Previously, Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov had conducted experiments demonstrating the conditioning process in dogs. Watson was raise in taking Pavlovs research further to show that emotional reactions could be classically conditioned in people. The participant in the experiment was a child that Watson and Raynor called Albert B. , but is known popularly today as Little Albert. Around the age of nine months, Watson and Raynor exposed the child to a serial publication of stimuli including a white rat, a rabbit, a monkey, masks and burning newspapers and observed the boys reactions. The boy initially showed no fear of any of the objects he was shown. The next age Albert was exposed the rat, Watson made a loud noise by collision a metal pipe with a hammer. Naturally, the child began to cry aft(prenominal) hearing the loud noise.After repeatedly pairing the white rat with the loud noise, Albert began to cry simply after seeing the rat. Watson and Raynor wrote The instant the rat was shown, the baby began to cry. Almost instantly he turned sharply to the left, disappear over on his left side, raised himself on all fours and began to weirdo away so rapidly that he was caught with difficulty before reach the edge of the table Some other things he did I was a product of schools and colleges.I knew nothing of life outside the walls of a university. To rile t o understand the Consumer better, he spent the summer as a shop assistant at Macys. Soon he brought his background as a student of human nature to bear on problems in the world of advertising. He did research showing that different brands of a product were indistinguishable to consumers their acquire decisions must be based on the products image instead of on the product itself. He thus arrived at the basic tenet of neo advertising sell the image

Population Trends and Problems of Public Health Essay

The scope and emphasis of a public wellness weapons platformme are necessarily influenced by the changing peculiaritys of the community it serves. The arrange of population growth affects long-range planning of community health and medical facilities. Alterations in geezerhood composition, internal migration of racial or industrial groups, changes in population density and urban-rural movement require current adaptation of the health program to solve the new problems thus created.Among the various characteristics of recent population gallerys, mount uping of the population is one of the most fundamental in its bearing on national health. The social and economic effects of an aging population swallow long been recognized. Dr. Louis I. Dublin appraised the problem of old age in near detail in 1926, when the provision of economic security for the aged was the paramount theme of contemporary discussion. 1 The passage of the Social Security performance in 1935 represented the fruits of the efforts of this earlier period.Adjustment of national policy with respect to the health problems associated with aging of the population has been slower in development. Under the foothold of the Social Security Act, a limited expansion of activities designed to bear on the health of sure-enough(a) bountifulscontrol of cancer and pneumonia, and industrial hygiene servehas been made This paper was presented at the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Milbank repository Fund, April 23, 1940. The Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 83, No. 4, 2005 (pp. 569608)c 2005 Milbank remembrance Fund. Published by Blackwell Publishing. Reprinted from The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, Vol. 18, No. 4, 1940 (pp. 35992). Style and usage are unchanged. possible in the cooperating States. However, the Act makes no provision for the solution of such fundamental problems as invalidity insurance and medical care of the aged. During the past five long time, the health aspects of old age have received increasing attention in the discussions of public health administrators.It therefore seems appropriate to resurvey this general problem, and to consider, in particular, the disposition of future trends in mortality, morbidity, and the receipt of medical care which may be expected solely as a result of changing age structure of the population. The Effect on the Death Rate The effect of a declining proportion of children and an increasing proportion of elders on the future trend of the termination rate may be readily predicated from the characteristics of age variation in mortality, which are generally familiar.The period of infancy is characterized by a giving proportion of fatally terminating illnesses. Following the high mortality of the first year, the end rate declines rapidly in the succeeding years of early childhood, and the rate among children 5 to 14 years of age is lower than in whatsoever period of life. The age curve of mortality remains at a relatively low level in youth and the young adult ages. During the period of middle age, a marked upward trend in the death rate becomes apparent, and the increase thereafter is progressive.The sharp downward trend in the death rate following infancy and the rapid grind away which occurs during middle and old age are the most pronounced characteristics of age variation in mortality. The mortality rate in infancy and early childhood has shown a marked reduction in the present century, period the rate at the advanced ages has remained practically unchanged. Thus, the death rate at the older ages has shown an increasing relative excess over the rate in the early years of life. Furthermore, aging of the population has increased the number of older persons exposed to the chance of death.Deaths of persons 45 years of age and over constitute over two-thirds of all deaths in this country in 1935 in the enrollment States of 1900, the proportion was approximately two-fifths. It thus results that the dis eases which at present are the hint causes of death in the population of all ages are largely those characteristic of middle and old age. Diseases of the heart, cerebral hemorrhage, nephritis, cancer, and diabetes accounted for 65 per cent of the deaths among persons 45 years of age and over, and for 44 per cent of the total deaths

A brief history of shia muslims

It is a fact that Muslims altogether over the world be divided in two large hosts -Shias and Sunnis. They moderate strong differences in semipolitical and religious views.Though they share the same Quran and Hadith tho their interpretation of Islam has truly hardly a(prenominal) things in common (Lucas, 2008). That is why they have been at logger-heads through erupt Moslem History. Both title to be the righteousness one and regard a nonher one as strayed away from the right path.Shia literally means group or comrade. And Shias were originally those people who were with Hazrat Ali and were comm except called as Shia-e-Ali, i.e., comrades of Ali or his companions. Later on Ali was dropped and they are now only called Shias.It is interesting to know their history. How they came to exis tence is a good point to rise from. When the Prophet (pbuh) passed away the question of his successor rose and each group among Muslims claimed his right to form the government.Ansars (Musl ims of Medina) and Mohajireen (Muslims of Mecca who had migrated to Medina) were strong claimers solely the matter was sorted pop out amicably when somebody from the righteous companions narrated one Hadith in respect of Mohajireen (Lucas, 2008). As a result Hazrat Abu-Bakr was made the Caliph.When he was on his termination bed, he appointed Hazrat Umar as his successor and he ruled for ten old age without any dissent. When he was fatally wounded and people woolly-headed their hope of his reco rattling, they asked him to appoint his successor following the toe of his predecessor. Initially, he declined but when they insisted too much(prenominal)(prenominal) he suggested six names including the names of Hazrat Usman and Hazrat Ali.Majority of Muslims best-loved Hazrat Usman to Hazrat Ali and ultimately he was made the Caliph. He ruled for twelve years but in the last phase of his tenure, he was accused of nepotism.Actually, in that respect was a Jew named Abdullah Ben Saba. H e had a long grudge against Muslims due to some(prenominal) rea male childs. He could not tolerate it that Muslims prospered and developed in such a short span of time. It was beyond his patience that Islam had been spreading so rapidly.But he was shrewd enough to realize the fact that he was incapable of fighting Muslims who were the most powerful in the world then. So he invest upon himself the guise of a Muslim and came to Iraq among Muslims who had just converted to Islam and were quite incognizant of the fact that Islam abolishes every claim on the ground of birth, caste, race and kinship. It doesnt buy the argument that a rulers discussion should be made the ruler when his father dies though he may be bereft of the qualities of a ruler.These ideas were not known to these new comers in the crimp of Islam. They were familiar with the ways of their old monarchs who followed the general rule of hierarchy in which the son automatically occupied the throne of his father when he passed away. In the absence of a son the close relative was crowned.Therefore when Abdullah Ben Saba came to them and said that very grave injustice has been done to Hazrat Ali as his caliphate has been usurped by others, they were easily convinced. They apprehension it their bound duty to stand for Hazrat Ali and provide him with his due right.Abdullah Ben Saba had hatched a very dangerous conspiracy. He never touched the Muslims of Mecca or Medina as he was fully aware that they will easily find out him as a bloody conspirator and will reject his incorrectly ideas. So he chose the soil of Egypt and Iraq for the propagation of his hierarchal ideas. Muslims of these places were new converts and were and so easily deceived.In a nutshell, Abdullah Ben Saba spread his snare with too much care. He managed to spread rumors against Hazrat Usman. He got people write garners from Iraq to Egypt and Egypt to Iraq and from different separate of the Islamic Empire to Medina spreading the r umors that the Muslims of those places were suffering from different problems due to the unable rule of Hazrat Usman.People were aghast with these news. They strongly suspected that Hazrat Usman was not dealing with problems properly. A committee was formed which looked into the alleged problems. It found all the charges baseless and pointed that thither were a fewer mischievous people in those province who wrote all these letters aiming at disrupting the rule and order of the Islamic Empire.But being very lenient Hazrat Usman let all these miscreants scot free and did nothing against them. Ultimately, they felt encourage and came marching to Medina with the sole intention to assassinate Hazrat Usman.Hazrat Usman tried to clear their doubts with arguments and they lose their ground logically and were forced to return as they had no decriminalize cause to rebel against Hazrat Usman.But they assembled again outside Medina and produced a fake letter of Usman in which it was stated that they should be punished by the governors of their provinces after their returning. Claiming this mendacious charge they surrounded Hazrat Usmans house and slain him brutally. After the assassination of Hazrat Usman, people were at the mercy of these rebels.The entire empire felt itself in the grip of anarchy. Hazrat Ali saw all these and was too much worried some the affairs of the community. He was approached by the same rebels to take the rein of the caliphate. He hesitated as he was fully aware that though those people insisted on their allegiance to him but they were basically against the very soul of Islam.They were introducing such a version of Islam which had nothing to do with the Islam he knew. But he was as well as requested by those sincere and age-old companions of the Holy Prophet who had selected his triplet predecessors. Therefore keeping the welfare of Islam above any consideration he true the responsibility of caliphate and was made the fourth part righ tful Caliph.Events which unfolded afterwards paved the way for the tow major division of Muslims which seems destined to remain unbridgeable till the last Day of Judgment. So it is clear that this difference of views was political in nature.But the early Muslims were so much religious that nothing could claim their attention except that which had some religious ground (Esposito, 2005). They were so much religiously charged that only religion could satisfy them. In this path they were easily cheated by conspirators like Abdullah Ben Saba and his companions.It is noteworthy that there were a few sincere Muslims too who were of the opinion that Hazrat Ali had been the most deserving candidate of Islamic caliphate after the death of the Holy Prophet due to his relation and locate in Islam.He was an important member of the household of the Prophet and was one of those few people who had embraced Islam in the very beginning. There were other grounds in like manner which are not accept ed by all sects of Islam such as his being protected from the possibility of committing any mistake, etc.Thus Shias came into existence and flourished. Later on they developed their ideology systematically. Now their ideas are very sophisticated and curiously their notions of imamat are very complex. They hold the view that only those people who are completely protected from any potential sin deserve to be made Caliphs or imams.Thus they believe that there are twelve imaums such as Hazrat Ali, Hazrat Hassan, Hazrat Hussein, etc. It is also noteworthy that all the Shias are not of the same view nor they follow only one ideology. There are fissures and cleavages among them too and they are ripped apart in their ideology. But as a matter of fact they did not undergo any divisions during the imamate of the first terce imams Ali, Hassan, and Hussein.But after the martyrdom of Hussein, the majority of the Shias accepted the imamate of Ali Ben Hussein al-Sajjad, while a minority known a s the Kisaniyah believed that the third son of Ali, Muhammad bin Hanafiyah, was the fourth Imam as well as the promised Mehdi, and that he had gone into occultation in the Radwa mountains and one day would reappear.After the death of Imam al-Sajjad the majority of the Shias accepted his son, Muhammad al-Baqir as Imam while a minority followed Zayd al-Shahid, another son of Imam al-Sajjad, and became known as Zaydis.Following Imam Muhammad al-Baqir, the Shias accepted his son Jafar al-Sadiq as Imam and after the death of Imam Jafar the majority followed his son Imam Musa al-Kazim as the ordinal Imam. However, one group followed the older son of the sixth Imam, Ismail, who had died while his father was still alive, and when this latter group quarantined from the majority of Shias it became known as Ismailia.Others accepted either Abdullah al-Fatah or Muhammad, both sons of the sixth Imam.Finally, another party stopped with the sixth Imam himself and considered him as the last Imam. In the same way, after the martyrdom of Imam Musa al-Kazim the majority followed his son, Ali al-Rida, as the eighth Imam. However, some stopped with the seventh Imam and became known as the Waqifiyah.

Les Miserables Movie Review

For my AP World History Movie Review, I chose to watch Les Miserables a mental picture based on the inspirational novel by skipper Hugo. I selected this pic beca use up i had a summer assignment on it for ADV English and also because i thought it would be a dev kayoed idea to watch the movie before reading the book and comparability the two afterwards. Watching this and reading the book has helped me in starting out this school year much prepared with my schoolwork. Just like the book, the movie was set in the early 1800s of Paris amid the aftermath of the cut Revolution.Along with the novel, the movie sort of elaborates upon the history of France, architecture of Paris, and a little bit of the politics. The French Revolution was a season of great turmoil in French History. It began in 1789 and ended in 1799. During the French Revolution, the previous absolute monarchy and the replete(p) social three estate system was overthrown. The Third Estate was common induct of being accomplished how they were. They wanted more respect and an actual govern in the government. They were given a tithe for their crops, which caused them starvation and malnutrition.They had the most botheration paying for bread, while others feasted away. Finally, they began violent revolts. The architecture of France in the late 1700s through with(predicate) the early 1900s was shown passim the movie, the clothing lot wore and the way buildings looked back then. The time period of France in the movie was Neo-classicism. Architecture was often flip-flops from one original to the other, so after the frivolous and light-filled Rococo appearance (like in most parts of the movie), buildings were pared to classical symmetry. As the reign of Louis XVI began, Paris entered a period of Neo-classicism.The severe style was inspired by Roman and Grecian architectural theories. The style also reflects a desire for plain, unadorned materials, unite with extremely logical floor plans and design. Even after Louis XVI was beheaded, his style of Neo-classicism continued without change. This was partly because the Revolution was chaotic, giving architects little opportunity to correct a new style. The main major theme of the movie was many Christian themes of redemption, forgiveness, and sacrifice all to inducther, Grace. There were instances of forbearance all throughout the movie, as well as in the book.Jean Valjean was the main character that envisioned grace in many instances such as forgiving a former guard, Javert, for continuously trying to arrest him and ruin his life. Valjean spared his life during the revolution and released him from the revolting third estate. Even after his life was spared, Javert arrested Valjean once more but soon after let him go and committed suicide. The acts of grace throughout the movie affected me emotionally and gave me well-nigh inspiration to treat others the way Id want to be interact. I think that todays society could use more grace.Itd make the realism such a peaceful place to live if grace were portrayed more. Since grace is so called a god given gift, it should be used more to make the world a better place and make the people who live in it much more kind. Also, this movie moved me emotionally and mentally, putting people in poverty into my mind. I felt bad for how the poor were treated back then, never having any money or enough food, some women having to turn to prostitution or selling their hair just to get by. Overall, Les Miserables was a very good movie and i hope to go see the newest version coming out in December.

Planning to Live Your Life Your Way Essay

Goal come downting is a formal process for personal planning. By even offting goals on a routine basis you decide what you indigence to hit, and then move step by-step towards the accomplishment of these goals. The process of dumbfoundting goals and targets every(prenominal)ows you to call for where you ask to go in life. By agniseing precisely what you wishing to achieve, you know what you have to cin one casentrate on to do it. You also know what is merely a distraction.Goal setting is a standard technique used by top-level athletes, successful business-people and achievers in all fields. It gives you long-term stack and short-term motivation. It focuses your acquisition of knowledge and helps you to organize your resources.By setting sharp, clearly defined goals, you can mea sure enough and take pride in the achievement of those goals. You can see forward progress in what might antecedently have seemed a long pointless grind. By setting goals, you depart also raise your self-confidence, as you recognize your ability and competence in achieving the goals that you have set. The process of achieving goals and seeing this achievement gives you confidence that you will be able to achieve higher and more difficult goals.Goals are set on a number of different levels First you decide what you want to do with your life and what large-scale goals you want to achieve. Second, you break these down into the little and smaller targets that you must hit so that you reach your life-time goals. Finally, once you have your plan, you start molding towards achieving it.Starting to Set Personal GoalsThis role explains how to set personal goals. It starts with your lifetime goals, and then works through a series of lower level plans culminating in a daily fray list. By setting up this structure of plans you can break til now the biggest life goal down into a number of small tasks that you request to do each day to reach the lifetime goals.Your Lifetime Goal sThe offshoot step in setting personal goals is to consider what you want to achieve in your lifetime, as setting Lifetime goals gives you the overall perspective that shapes all other aspects of your decision making.How to Start to Achieve Your LifetimeGoalsOnce you have set your lifetime goals, set a 25 year plan of smaller goals that you should complete if you are to reach your lifetime plan. Then set a 5 year plan, 1 year plan, 6 month plan, and 1 month plan of progressively smaller goals that you should reach to achieve your lifetime goals. Each of these should be based on the previous plan.Finally set a daily to-do list of things that you should do today to work towards your lifetime goals. At an early stage these goals may be to check books and gather information on the achievement of your goals. This will help you to make better the quality and realism of your goal setting.Finally review your plans, and make sure that they fit the way in which you want to live your life.

Supporting and Promoting Children and Young People’s Positive

Natalie Cullen 19/11/12 Supporting and promoting Children and Young Peoples official deportment break away 1 Behaviour Policy Charles Saer primary cultivates de think ofour policy is for wholly who atomic number 18 involved in the inform. A few examples of who these people ar pupils, staff, volunteers and prepare governors and even p argonnts to name just a few. These rules atomic number 18 correspond to e precise last(predicate). This ensures all who attend the school know what conduct is expected of them and what behavior exit not be tole located.The policy gives a list of aims of what is hoped to be achieved by these rules being followed by everybody. The aim is for well conduct to coerce a major share in providing a condom, pleasant enviroment for all to work and evasive action in, to build and waken egotism-esteem, watch, honesty, truth, co-operation, sweetness and gross profit of early(a)s. 1) This go forth make the tikeren feel safe as with practi sed and controlling behaviour a safe, welcoming, enjoyable enviroment give be built for them to work and play in. ) By giving the fryren a safe positive enviroment where costly behaviour is shown by all, it discoveres the children value, honesty, truth, co-operation, kindness and tolerance of former(a)s. This go by make a positive contribution not only to school look but as well as society and their own futures. 3) By the children learning to be exhaust in a good decent manner and being rewarded for this go out likewise go up their self-importance-esteem and self- value as well as build their confidence. It teaches them to brood others with respect and kindness and to get by other peoples feelings into account, thus helping their social and steamy skills. ) The children are able to learn the expectations of what is expected of them by rewarding their good behaviour and giving sanctions for any severely behaviour. This also will teach them that they are responsabl e for their own actions and bad behaviour choices suck consequences. Code of conduct The code of conduct is a set of short, simple, realistic rules for everyone to follow. These rules are again for everyone not only the children as it is also all-important(prenominal) that the bigs lead by example and set good standards as they are infact role models for the children. similarly read Different Approaches to Promoting Wellbeing and ResilienceThe rules are useful in the day to day of school life. Charles Saer has 5 main rules of conduct 1) We neer gripe or run in school 2) We always care for others and their billet 3) We are always polite and do as we are told 4) We never fight or throw things 5) We always keep our school brawny Classes only may experience their own rules for inside the classroom as different circumstances may arise for example ages of children, exceptional demand etc. Although they will still reflect the behaviour of which is expected by the school. ) Chil dren will feel safe by the code of conduct as it cleary states what is expected behaviour and what is not. So if a child experienced any type of bad behaviour towards them they know it will not be accepted and to inform a teacher of the issue. 2) The code of conduct will help the children to make a positive contribution towards helping the school achieve the safe, pleasant enviroment for all to work and play in, to build and plagiarize self-esteem, respect, honesty, truth, co-operation, kindness and tolerance of others. ) By the children learning to behave in a good decent manner and being rewarded for this will also raise their self-esteem and self-worth as well as build their confidence. It teaches them to treat others with respect and kindness and to take other peoples feelings into account, thus helping their social and aroused skills. Also helping them to become well rounded members of society. 4) It helps the children to see rules are thither to be followed and what is expec ted as good behaviour and what is inconceivable behaviour giving them expectations and limits. Rewards and SanctionsRewards and Sanctions are basically ways of teaching the children when they have shown good behaviour when a reward is then attached or bad behaviour when a sanction is given and will be seen to be fair. This will emphasise the diffrence between good and bad behaviour. Rewards at Charles Saer it is important to recognise and encourage good behaviour with or so types of rewards such as signs of approval, praise and encouragement, displays of work, comments in homework books, class points which can be banked for negotiated class treats, student of the week certificates and medals, tickers and badges, golden book ticket, silver awards, special mention in assembly, postcard/phonecall home. This way the childs confidence and self worth is boosted and they are more likely to keep up the good behaviour. Sanctions however when a child has shown bad behaviour a sanction mu st be given to that child to teach them it is not acceptable how they have behaved. Some types of sanctions that we use at Charles Saer are eye contact (a mean look ), adult disapproval, beat out chair or closing off table in the classroom, child will be given a post it which the teacher will write e. . 5minutes in Mrs Smiths class and child will go to that class for given time, unacceptable behaviour will be questioned with child after lesson and not during, kept in at play time, serious misbehaviour will lead to involvment of the head teacher and maybe parents will also be asked to come in to school. 1) Children will be made to feel safe by gaining rewards for their good behaviour as it will give them a sense of achievment, recognition and self worth. ) Children will want to make a positive contribution into the school by ensuring they show good behaviour and try their best at all times to gain the rewards on offer for any good behaviour as this gives them a great feeling of doi ng well and a sense of accomplishment. 3) The reward system helps bugger off social and emotional skills as by the children following the simple rules of respect, honesty, truth, co-operation, kindness and tolerance of others, this also gives them the fundamentals for good behaviour and being rewarded for that also helps them develop self esteem, self worth, confidence in themselves. ) Rewards and Sanctions help children to see when expectations are met they are rewarded and praised. When these are not met there is consequences to their actions, teaching them to take responsiblity and that there are limits to which bad behaviour will not be accepted. Dealing with conflict and unlike behaviour At Charles Saer school if a pupil is still presenting repugn behaviour after numerous attempts to try and intervene e. g. rewards, sanctions etc then there are some steps the staff will take to take the matter further. ) A childs parents will be contacted and asked to come in to discuss the situation 2) the next step if still no improvement would be to put the child on a report where his behaviour is monitored throughout the day and good and bad behaviour is recorded, the SENCO should be informed and given copies, 3) If after 4 weeks no improvement the the child should be placed on the SEN register and parents and authorities will discuss the issue. There are 3 stages and if no improvement then child will be referred to pupil referral services . Of course this type of continuing challenging behaviour is very unlikely to occur so serverly.More often than not a conflict or any sort of inappropriate behaviour a pupil displays that is serious can be resolved quickly by informing the parents and the head and class teacher being involved and some sort of plan and agreement as to what the course of action should be. 1) The other children at the school would feel safe knowing that when another child is behaving badly to a serious extent the staff are seen to be taking action against the bad behaviour and taking the matter very seriously, keeping to the their promise in the behaviour policy of ensuring a safe and enjoyable enviroment. ) If inappropriate behaviour is seen to be dealt with seriously then the other children are more likely to make a positive contribution by showing good behaviour and abidding to the rules of the school. 3) The child may be behaving inappropriatley due to their home life, so by first displaying bad behaviour and getting into trouble. They may then learn how to behave in a better way with the help of the staff which would help to develop that childs social and emotional skills that they probably wouldnt have learnt at home. 4) Rules and structure help children to understand what is accecptable behaviour and what is not.There has to be boundaries or the children wont be aware of what the limits are and will just keep seeing how far they can go. Anti- intimidate Bullying can be in the form of indirect, physical, verbal or cybe r. gross forms of bullying are racial, sexuality, disability etc. Bullying has zero tolerance and will dealt with extreme seriousness. Once the staff have been informed and it is brought to their tending that bullying is taking place the head teacher will wonder all concerned and will record the incident, class teachers and parents will be informed and if serious enough police will also be contacted.Sanctions such as warnings, detention, even exclusion will be given. The victim will recieve sanction to be able to talk about it. monitor of the situation will continue until the head feels it is no longer a threat. 1) Children no doubt feel a lot more back up and safer knowing there is action they can take if they are being bullied in or out of school. 2) Children can make a positive contribution by their behaviour by acting in kind and caring way to one another and learning to accept everyone and their diffrences. ) By teaching children to respect, have honesty, tell the truth, have co-operation, show kindness and to have tolerance of others, that there are people who are different in the world. We give them them knowledge to understand and be accepting of diffrences helping to develop their social and emotional skills 4) Understanding the expectations n limits of bullying is to always treat people kindly and the way youd expect to be treated by others and to know bullying is an extremley serious matter and will be dealt with serverly. troubleCharles Saers Attendance policy is very similar to the behaviour policy, in that it aims to provide a welcoming and caring enviroment so the pupils can recieve a full time education to reach their full potential, there are incentives and rewards given to get laid the efforts of high attending. Giving the pupils a sense of achievment and self worth. There is also rules to be followed, such as to be on time when school starts, what procedures to follow if off sick or have appointments etc, if too numerous absences then school will have to ask a family support to becoming involved.So like the behaviour policy there are rewards for good attention n sanctions for bad attendance. 1) The children will feel safe by the attendance policy as yet again its setting out rules and structure very clearly. Which will make the children reassured knowing its the akin rules, same expections, no confussion or uncertainty. 2) The children can make a positive contribution by keeping up a good attendance and geting to school on time. ) By keeping a good attendance this will develop their social and emotional skills because they will be in school socializing with other children and learning but also theyll be developing a sense of achievement, self worth. If awards are given this will highten their self esteem. It will also benefit them in later life when they have jobs. 4) The policy helps lay the expectations and limits out clearly of what the school expects to be good attendance and what will limit that high attendance rate they are hoping for. Part 2It is benefical to encourage and reward positive behaviour as it shows the child that you have acknowledged their behaviour and paid attention to the effort made by them. It also gives them a feeling of dress and happyness to have their behaviour praised, even if the reward is just a smiling or a simple well done Im really knightly of you. Rewarding and encouraging good behaviour gives the child confidence, self-esteem, self-worth, all the important things a person needs to become a self efficent adult in the future and make them feel like they have a purpose.