Cyrano De Bergerac is Aristotles High Minded Man Essay -- essays rese

Le Haut Homme Occup DAristoteIn Cyrano De Bergerac, written originally by Edmond Rostand in French and translated to English by Brian Hooker, Cyrano de Bergerac stars in an epic of his fictional life as a utmost minded(p) human being. Aristotle, a big(p) philosopher, states that a high minded man must have a mind that is concerned with all owing(p) things. Now, what are these great things? There are plenty of great things that a high minded man must value. I have chosen to explore three of them to show that Cyrano is an example of Aristotle?s high minded man. The first great thing is honor, Cyrano is a very honorable person. The plump for one is helping people but not asking for any(prenominal)thing in return, Cyrano likes to help those in need, even when he does not receive any credit. The third one is bravery, courage, and never asking for help, Cyrano, even at the butt on of existence, does not ask for any assistance from others to stay alive. Therefore, Cyrano is a great example of Aristotles high minded man.Defined in the ?Webster?s II? dictionary, the word ?honor? means respect and reputation. Conseque...

DVD Technology Essay

It is rattling a fact that we ar living in this modern adult male which all technologies are go and improved. One of these technologies is in the depictiondisc engineering. Before, we usually recitationd CDs as of import novelty to the PCs serviceman except now, picture showdisc is more used and preferred by multitudes of plurality due to its admirable features which the CD doesnt have.videodisc was formerly delineate as digital telecasting Disc but then changed into Digital varied Disc and is considered as the next generation of the optical dish antenna storage technology which is predicted and awaited to quickly substitute the CD-ROM record along with audio compact disc around the following some(prenominal) years. DVD contains 4. 7 informations gigabytes on one of its some(prenominal) sides or sufficient for a 133-minute movie. Having cardinal bottoms on every of its both sides, it willing keep up to 17 gigabytes of audio, video and opposite data.DVD-Video is the veritable(prenominal) term for the DVD format designed for full-length motion pictures and which will drive with our television set. The DVD-ROM keeps computer information and is read through a DVD-ROM drive which is connected to a computer, the DVD-RAM is the writeable version speckle the DVD-Audio is a imposter which is designed to substitute our compact disc player (see Bellis, Mary. DVD. http//inventors. about. com/ program subroutine library/inventors/bldvd. htm).A DVD with correctly structured and formatted video substance is a DVD-Video. The DVDs with correct structured and formatted audio are termed as DVD-Audio discs. And everything as healthy is named as a DVD-Data disc as well as the other types of DVD discs which have video (Wikipedia, empty encyclopedia. August 27, 2006). The purposes of this study are to (1) know the history of DVD technology and (2) be acquainted with its reclaimable features and its functions and how it is being distinct from CD. invoice T he invention of DVD was all started in early of 1990s which two high- tightfistedness optical storage standards were being technology mature the jump one was the MultiMedia Compact Disc which was support by Sony and Philips and the second one was the Super Density disc which was pass and accepted by Time-Warner, Hitachi, Pioneer, JVC, Mitsubishi Electric, Toshiba, Thomson, and Matsushita Electric.The IBM president named Lou Gertsner has exerted an effort to join and bring unitedly the two companies to back up solitary standard, getting ahead a repeat of the expensive and inflated format war amongst Betamax and VHS in mid-eighties (Wikipedia, free encyclopedia. August 27, 2006). In 1994 of May, Philips and Sony promulgated that they would be willingly and conjointly develop a newfangled high- parsimony medium popularly known as Digital Video Disc or DVD. This new technology was considered as the successor to compact discs or CD-ROM for computers and substitute laserdiscs and VHS tapes in the fun industry.Just comparable a CD, DVD discs have similar diameter-about 120mm and oppressiveness is about 1. 2 mm- just as Compact disc has but DVD is more advance and useful due to its capability to use both discs sides for data storage. The large video games which need and require a number of CDs would merely necessitate only one DVD disc. after on, newfangled technologys development instantaneously induced dilemmas of a political nature. The Warner Home Entertainment and Toshiba declared their own project to give-up the ghost out the same but yet precisely distinct from DVD technology at the same time.Associations like the Hollywood Digital Video Disc Advisory Group had a sensible and rational raise in this technologys development. Movie suppliers started to stir up disagreements and controversies which meet the essential of copy protections in the DVD requirement and description. But then, Sony was the first to display its DVD technology. In 1995, John Eargl e explained and illustrated the presentation which was conducted at the winter Consumer Electronics Show. In his writings entitled The Great DVD debate say that its color and sharpness was more than a match for the Laserdisc .But Eargles attention was on the technological requirements which had been formally and legitimately promulgated in December of the same year. The DVDs intensification and enlargement data density was credited to a laser of a color locomote in the light spectrum and a technology that were being technologically advanced with 3M which countenance the laser to be focus again to one second layer in the disc. It has a double-layer disc which amplifies the raft and dimensions to 7. 4 gigabytes.Throughout the saltation of 1995, the disagreement of both developers had been stimulated through Toshibas personal outgrowth and advancement of a two-layer disc named as SD or Super density (Chapin, R. History of DVD). DVD recordable and rewritable DVD recordable and DVD rewritable de none to DVD optical disc formats which can be burned either rewritable or write once format. DVD recordable is an overall name which denotes to both rewritable and writes-once formats, while DVD writable denotes solely to rewritable formats. The DVD promoted and marketed as 4.7 GB ability seem to keep not more than that for the reason that manufacturers quote the volume of a writable DVD disc utilizing decimal prefixes instead of the binary prefixes utilised by number of software. On the other hand, a 4. 7 GB DVD can be able to accumulate 4. 7 gazillion bytes, utilizing the binary prefixes which has similar capacity is approximately 4. 38 GiB (Wikipedia, free encyclopedia. August 18, 2006). Dual Layer Recording Dual Layer rearrange permits DVD-R and DVD+R discs to accumulate and put in storage extensively more info or data which is capable of 8. 5 Gigabytes per disc, when contrasted with 4.7 Gigabytes designed for single-layer discs. The DVD-R DL or dual layer was technologically advanced for the DVD Forum by the Pioneer Corporation while the DVD+R DL or dual layer was technologically advanced intended for the DVD+RW Alliance by Sony. Below are the two figures of DVD-R DL and DVD+R DL (Wikipedia, free encyclopedia. August 28, 2006). visit of DVD-R DL Double Layer DVD+R Its Restrictions The DVD-Video includes four similar systems designed to limit and constraint the DVD user in a variety of procedures and these are the Content Scrambling administration, Region codes, disabled user trading operations (UOP) and Macrovision.*Content Scrambling System* > It is a Digital Rights Management or DRM externalise make used on various DVDs. It make uses a weak, patented 40 bit stream cipher algorithm which has successively been compromised. It was in 1996 that the system was presented and found (wikipedia, free encyclopedia. August 26, 2006). *Region Codes* > it is the programming practice, chip, carnal barrier, or code which is make used to s top or close the playing media designed for a device which comes from a place where it is introduced and distributed on the version of similar device distributed in another place.It is a mixed bag of a form of vendor lock-in (Wikipedia, free encyclopedia. August 26, 2006). *Disabled substance abuser Operations* > DVD-Video permits the disc to identify or indicate whether or not the handler may carry out any operation like skipping chapters, rewinding or forwarding, selecting a menu which is fundamentally any function on the remote control. This system is named as Prohibited User Operations or User Operation Prohibitions. *Macrovision* > It is a company which makes electronic prevention plans and was established in 1963.The term is occasionally used to denote to specific video copy prevention plans which were technologically advanced by the company. Its features Some of the DVDs main features are (1) copy protection built into standard (2) DVD-ROM for improved multimedia syste m and games applications (3) every format uses a common file system (4) DVD-Audio for advanced quality music, graphics and other features and surround sound and optical video and many others (5) Backwards compatibility with current CD media and many others (see DVD (Digital Versatile Disk). http//www. usbyte. com/common/dvd. htmIntroduction). Hence, DVD it is widely used now globally.______________________________________________________________________________ References 1. Bellis, Mary. DVD. http//inventors. about. com/library/inventors/bldvd. htm) 2. DVD. August 28, 2006. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/DVD 3. Chapin, R. History of DVD. http//www. miqrogroove. com/writing/History%20of%20DVD. html 4. DVD recordable. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. August 18, 2006http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/DVD_recordable 5. Content Scramble System. August 26, 2006. http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Content_Scrambling_System 6. DVD (Digital Versatile Disk). http//www. usbyte. com/common/dvd. htmIntro duction

A Little Bit Here and There Essay

I turn over taken 12 years of English in my past. My experience was good, I al counsels felt like English was my strongest battlefield and I always enjoyed it the most beca pulmonary tuberculosis it gave me the opportunity to express myself with pen and paper. In high school I finished of the year strong graduating doing unembellished classes such as college writing. I would probably pretend to say it was my preferred subject because there was nothing I ever disliked. Even savings bank this day I still commemorate some Shakespe ar quotes I had memorized in high school from Macbeth. A major intention I would make do to accomplish would be finishing college with a high GPA. I gradatory high school in 2008 and take hold not gone to college because of my exploit schedule. Im actu altogethery happy that I went through only the trials in my life because now I have so oft more(prenominal) respect for school and I understand completely how spanking it is to my success. My goa l in college is to organize my life in a way that it would help me achieve the best grades as possible in school.I need to discipline myself in ways I never have before. Im in college now to make a emend life for myself and for my family. My major is Psychology eventually I want to be a high school counselor. Ive experienced quite a lot of things in my life that a normal teen progressr shouldnt have experienced and I feel like I could use it as a testimony to help troubled teens overcome obstacles in high school. My goals for this semester is get all As in all my classes and show the populace that you can achieve anything if you put 110% of your ride into it. Im very excited to jump back into school. My goal for this class is to get back in the habit of writing again. Ive always enjoyed writing a lot because it allows me to drift into my own world with my thoughts. There is no ultimate crisis with the world today because everything is messed up in my opinion. The crisis starts on how we live and our environment. Americans are one of the unhealthiest proscribed of all countries. If we step back and open our eyes to what advertisements show our kids and families wed be devastated. The sexuality expressed in it alone is wrong.Can you conceive that some commercials relay that smoking or wearing a veritable perfume will make you sexier? Some things rough me that make me bizarre are Im the first to go to college in my family. My parents are both from Uruguay which is a very, very small country that not a lot of people know of. I played piano since the age of 8, first teaching myself then picking up lessons along the way. The rubric of the text book required for this class is The Little Seagull enchiridion by Bullock & Weinberg. The mildest penalty for plagiarism is anywhere from helplessness the class to academic probation or expulsion. Unintentional plagiarism IS penalized. The final get word to withdraw for this term is April 1, 2013. HCCS policy sta tes that a student who is absent more than 12.5% (6 hours) of class may be administratively dropped from the class.If I log into eagle Online regularly, it counts as being present but if I dont participate in the workweekly activities I risk being dropped. If I am not able to log into Eagle Online I am able to email you on your HCCs email account. The word of honor discussion nib must be 250 words. Each small talk on a classmates bank bill must be at least 100 words. The deadline for the weekly news discussion forum posting is 9 pm Sunday of that week. The look for Proposal is due(p) February 4th. The Informative Essay is due Monday, February 25th. The Journal is due April 15th. The tokenish word count for the Informative Essay is 1000-1250 words. Major assignments have to be emailed to the professor and uploaded into turnitin.It is very necessary to do both. I should comment on at least one of my classmates research topics with a minimum of 100 words. MLA format is the pref erred format when emailing assignments. There is generally NO extra credit. Three documents that Im required to read during week one are An Introduction to your Professor and your DE class, Myths of DE Classes and Online Etiquette. Gaudi is one of your ducky architects. I wasnt very familiar with him so I researched about him and his artwork is beautiful and very intriguing.One of my favorite structures would probably have to be Casa Batllo because of the uniqueness and detail of the building. Amazing. The last city you visited was Lihue in Hawaii. I found this pretty interesting because when I was younger I lived in Maui, Hawaii for about a year or so. I remember the beautiful weather, beaches, and exotic flowers. Your favorite musician is Olafur Arnalds. His music has so lots emotion its beautiful. Being that I am also a pianist I can definitely appreciate this type of music. I definitely enjoy his music as well

Indigo Airlines

While the some other air ducts in the industry purchased rivals, flew unlike models of planes and tried to offer costly avails, indigo stuck to single model planes with a paper of being a no frills airline. Indigo has stuck to operating the human beingss largest selling single-aisle aircraft, the Airbus A320. This has helped the airlines to non just survive the economic morass in the industry but infact to post profits year-on-year end. Capacity use of goods and serve of IndiGo airlines overtake The utilization rate of IndiGo is around 16hours a day which is infact one of the highest in the industry.Thus even without using withal many airplanes, the airlines can provide its ferrying service to a larger number of people. On an average its passenger loads cod been around 90%. High seating Capacity of aircrafts Indigo operates a evanesce of 62 aircraft and has been expanding its fleet rapidly. Even though the number of aircrafts are lesser than some other airlines, it of fers high seating capacity as just about of its aircrafts are 180 seaters rather than the standard 60 70 seater aircrafts of more or less airlines. Indigos fleet is approximately 6. 5% of Indias unite fleet but it serves a market share 27%. childly fleet of aircrafts One of the strengths of Indigo Airlines is its fuel efficient young fleet of aircrafts as compared to other airlines. A young fleet of aircrafts has ensured increased service levels, high running(a) efficiency and low maintenance costs. Indigo lately bought 100 new A-320 jets from Airbus. Such volume purchases have helped Indigo in cutting its cost by availing volume discounts. Superior engineering science The consonant use of superior technology has helped Indigo achieve its USP of on-time performance. By make use of technologies such as ACARS Aircraft Communications Addressing And Reporting System), an automatic core is triggered from the aircraft to control centre and the departure time recorded immediately. Similarly during landing, this technology sends of an automatic message to the control centre which immediately records its arrival time. This has helped the airlines monitor lizard and maintain strict on-time schedules. Excellence in operations Indigo has been competent to sign favorable contracts with engine, airframe and other critical component manufacturers securing warranty claims against defects.This has enabled indigotin to minimize technical snags and enjoy superior operational efficiency. Owing to this Indigo has also been able to bring down its maintenance costs. Superior guest service One of the greatest strengths of Indigo airlines is the superior service it offers to its customers. The airline has the highest 95. 3 per cent on-time performance record and the lowest number of complaints per passenger. It offers grotesque services such as step-less stairs (walking ramp), web check-in, booking energy on handheld devices and automated real-time flight status on hand held devices.Human resources Another strength that Indigo airlines enjoys is its excellent commission of human resources. It has a single central genteelness program which gives training to its employees on functional skills, soft skills as advantageously as leaders qualities. With a real robust system of internal promotions and flexibility in horizontal movement across the company, the airlines has seen zero or almost minimal attrition rate over the past server years. Tie-up with hotels study hotels like Sarovar hotels etc have tied up with Indigo Airlines in secernate to provide a packaged service to customers.This type of bundling of services has created a value addition to customers who wish to sync their travel measure and accommodation timings in order to receive the best deals at bonnie costs. This has in-turn increased the customer base for both the airline as well as the hotels. Superior brand image Good advertising and marketing strategies have increased Indigos brand recall and have helped in creating a superior brand image. With very high operational excellence, cost control, great experience, lowest cancellations Indigo enjoys a superior reputation amongst its customers, difficult for the competitors to replicate.Its unique advertising and marketing efforts have also helped in this regard. Weaknesses Easily Imitable Since Indigo has not concentrated too much on providing a differentiated experience with no-frills and on-time being their central theme, this is imitable by other players in the industry and thus a possible little terror to its position as a cost leader. Limited number of outside(a)istic Routes Indigo Airlines operates on a limited number of international routes. This restricts the options and choices for international travelers. Only about 14% of its total fleet flies international.This is very low compared to its rivals and the general industry standard for airlines. International routes is an untapped subdivision wher e Indigo has not ventured too much into yet. Restricted Services In an attempt to operate as a low-cost airline, Indigo does not operate in many routes where the profit margins are below their dress standard. This in turn in-conveniences many passengers. Also, the no-frills element of their services leads to other passenger inconveniences such as cramped seats, lower comfort during travel, non-refundable flights and higher charges of excess baggage.

Punishment Research Paper

In this paper I will be discussing the effects of four justifications which include revenge, dissuaderence, rehabilitation, and kindly treasureion. I will be showing you the relation to these references of justifications to todays Ameri trick ordination. I will be discussing which type of penalty deters hatred well-nigh effectively. I will be discussing if the consequences of penalisation entrust many an(prenominal) benefits for abhorrence and rules of order. When it mothers to the perception of penalization it involves the state to inflict damage on brutal wrongdoers.However that main question is whether or not penalization should be withering but whether the presumption of punishment makes sense (Golash 2005). Retributive punishment states that wrongdoers who leave a horror deserve just about type of punishment. Validation is resulting from the wrongfully of the mutilateence devoted by the get rid ofenders. The punishment that is the deliberate and neces sary bring on of harm works to terminate the crime (Golash 2005). Punishment is only deliberate for the wrongfully of the act, not to prevent future unlawful use.It is believed by Golash that punishment is used to justify victims (Golash 2005). Punishment is a symbolic termination free attention to the habitual that a specific crime was immoral or else than a particular termination of the reprehensible act. Punishment is believed to be an congresswoman of vindicated anger by the victims because of the breach of curse commanded by community (Golash 2005). Those who profit from the law rich person approval to punishment according to the law it is a social dissimilarity among companionship and its members.As of this social dissimilarity, it would be unjust to tout ensembleow specific citizens to profit from golf-club without repressing their own bad desires (Golash 2005). Retributive punishment does not invalidate the crime except the will of offenders that atomic numbe r 18 offenders will be free wanting self-control and consequently punishment direct the will of offenders toward unlawful activity (Golash 2005). In other words, the victims atomic number 18 never fully return to the billet they were prior to the criminal act. The conclusion is that a victim has no properly apart from their own right to vindicate the offenders contraband behavior to them (Golash 2005).Criminal wrongs cannot be und whiz, and doing additional harm to an offender only compounds accredited social ills that may be proudly correlated with the offenders need for criminal fulfillment. Punishment is not the only alternative to cut by dint of criminals (Golash 2005). Retribution demands a consequence, but that consequence does not necessarily imply punishment (Golash 2005). In the end if the system demands punishment for those who deserve and so why those who be atomic number 18 deserve good not receiving good.Retribution is as well as known as the moral vengea nce to satisfy a society to make the offender suffer as lots as the ache caused (Golash 2005). This type of justification for punishment is the oldest of the four different types of punishment (Golash 2005). This type of punishment was designed to satisfy the peoples need for a type of closure that satisfied the moral of society (Golash 2005). In fountainhead punishment should be equal in severity to the deviance itself. It whole comes down to equal legal expert and eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.The second of the four justifications for punishment is deterrence. Deterrence is the attempt to discourage crime by punishment (Britannica 2012). This idea came about during the eighteenth century. Deterrence is a type of punishment that relies upon examples of punishment do known to every bingle ahead of the propagation before they choose to do an unlawful activity (Britannica 2012). This concept is ground on idea that citizens will not break the law if they turn oer that the pain of the punishment will outweigh the pleasure of the crime.Deterrence theory has found difficult to validate however largely because the presence of many interpose factors makes it difficult to prove unequivocally that a certain penalty has prevented roundone from committing a given crime(Britannica 2012) There have been a few examples where some sentences can have a strong deterrent effect. For example laws that are designed to prevent driving at a lower place the influence of alcohol and place setting a maximum legal limit of blood alcohol levels can have a temporary deterrent effect on a wide population especially when coupled with mandatory penalties and a high probability of conviction (Britannica 2012).There is another(prenominal) form of deterrent that is called denunciation which utilizes public condemnation as a form of confederacy moral tuition (Britannica 2012). In this approach a person found guilty of a crime is denounced that is subjected to shame and p ublic criticism (Britannica 2012). Its objective is to reinforce their rejection of offence behavior. popular deterrence through fear is aimed at those who avoid criminal offense behaviors not on moral grounds but on the solid ground of a calculation of the potential rewards and penalties involved (Britannica 2012).This type of punishment is much informal and rationale. Theoretically the effectiveness of individual deterrence can be measured by examining the subsequent conduct of the offender (Britannica 2012). Theories of deterrence and retribution share the analogous idea that punishment should be proportionate to the gravitational force of the crime, a principal of practical importance (Britannica 2012). If all punishment were the same there would be no incentive to commit lesser rather than the greater offense. Rehabilitation is a more permanent fix in deterring crime (Larrabee 2006).Rehabilitation through community supervision can have a more lasting effect on individua ls and deter them from committing future crime if they grow how to adapt in society by gaining academic or trade skills (Larrabee 2006). These programs can help offenders find employment and secure an burning(prenominal) role in the community and give them them a sense of cosmos. Therapy is another form of rehabilitation needed to help deter individuals from committing future crime (Larrabee 2006). Rehabilitation is based on creating a change in criminals attitudes or resources so that crime is neither a craved nor necessary activity (Larrabee 2006).Some punishment includes work to straighten and rehabilitate the wrongdoer so that they will not commit the offence again. This is distinguished from deterrence, in that the goal here is to change the offenders attitude to what they have done, and make them come to see that their behavior was wrong (Larrabee 2006). Form of rehabilitation through community supervision may also benefit a victim or their families such programs and have high hopes of deterring individuals from committing such acts (Larrabee 2006).By allowing criminals to be rehabilitated instead of imprisonment it helps to eliminate problems that inmates experience once released from prison. Allowing someone to probation instead of poky condemnation allows families to stay together. When people are incarcerated it causes families to go from two parents to a one parent family, causing hardship, stress, and problems in the family structure. This program was designed to reform the offender to prevent later offenses (Larrabee 2006).This idea rose among social sciences in the 19th century that proved to be an effective solution. If you can control the purlieu that criminal or lawbreaker of some sort lives in, you can persuade from their normal society (Larrabee 2006). Reformatories or houses of correction provided setting where people could learn the proper behavior. One example of rehabilitation is when someone is caught and arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol they are sentence to attend Alcoholic anon. meetings rather than jail time (Larrabee 2006).Once they have deald the rehabilitation through the proper reformatory chosen for them they can choose to stay on the same path of freedom contributing to society or go back to their old habits (Larrabee 2006). Rehabilitation is the nearly forgiving and positive punishment of the four justifications discussed because it promises the offender a second chance at sustenance (Larrabee 2006). Un kindred retribution, which demands that the punishment fit the crime, rehabilitation tailors treatment to each offender. The final examination option for a justification for punishment is the term societal protection.This favors the society by rendering the offender incapable of further offenses temporarily through imprisonment or permanently by execution (Stephens 1990). This option of punishment differs from rehabilitation in that no special treatment is given to the of fender in hopes to change him. His surrounding is a set area in a cell or execution chamber that many have used before him which protects society (Stephens 1990). This method can help be helpful to the offender giving the offender a chance to reform and a promised second chance.The United States currently incarcerates close to 2. 2 one thousand thousand offenders in jail. As in the Times explains, the crime rate has gone down in recent years, but the number of offenders locked up across the country has gone up, tripling since 1980 (Stephens 1990). This type of punishment does what is necessary to protect society as a whole from the criminal. This could mean death, or complete removal from society (Stephens 1990). So the question is which one of these deters crime the to the highest degree efficiently in todays society.With the different views available as well as my personal views, it is difficult to choose just one type of punishment as the most effective method of determent. I can say however, that I would like to see Rehabilitation efforts made more widely available for Juvenile Offenders as I tactual sensation that this will enable them to have a much better cut into on what life is as well as allowing them to change their lives positively. spell for adult offenders (serious crimes), I would not mind seeing harsher penalties in many cases.Certain punishments are more effective on certain crimes. And certain punishments are more effective on certain people (Black 1998). Some criminals should be punished to remove their incentive for committing crimes. But there are some criminals who just need to be removed from society to prevent them from preying upon society (Black 1998). Obviously for lesser crimes, lesser punishments should be delivered. Punishments (if at all possible) should consider the crime committed &8212 such as scrubbing walls for graffiti artists, pick out up trash for litterers, etc. no. enough of this is done. Punishments should not punish society if alternatives are available (Black 1998). Jailing everyone (as is now practiced extensively in the U. S. A. ) also punishes society &8212 tax money is used. Whippings and public service are excellent punishments and (at least(prenominal) whippings) are not practiced in the U. S. A (Black 1998). But where they are practiced, crime is lower. These forms of punishment also do not cost the taxpayers a lot of money. For most criminals, the threat of adequate punishment will deter them. Adequate does not include sitting on ones bum all day with free meals and a warm place to sleep &8212 not to mention watching television and playing video games (or whatever else jails provide these days) . But then, on the other side of this argument is the fact that furthest too many people are made criminals for things which should not be a crime. I once heard of a woman being jailed for overdue library books &8212 beyond absurd (Black 1998). And, at least in one municipality, they wa nted to make jay walking a jail able offence &8212 again way beyond absurd.Real criminals belong in the jail not jaywalkers, people who get into fights, marijuana smokers, etc. Do punishments for murderers and rapists and the like provide any benefits for the criminals and society? Absolutely it does. It keeps violent criminals off the streets. Does it provide benefits for those convicted of drug crimes? While theyre in prison, theyve got a roof over their heads, food, and other things. Dont get me wrong people are treated like animals in prisons. But if you come from violent, hard knock surroundings anyhow, I dunno maybe in some cases.Does sticking people in prisons who are convicted of drug crimes provide benefits to society? It gets drug users and small time dealers off the streets, but we have to pay for their food, clothing, and housing for 15+ years. My personal perspective When even hard drugs like coke and heroin are cheaper than most medicines, then maybe our definition of criminal needs a harder look. In conclusion the four types of justification for punishment including retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, and societal protection are all effective ways our society deals with lawbreakers.Each of these justifications is an attempt to protect society by ensuring proper punishment is carried out. Since crime has statistically dropped in the preceding(a) 20 years we can conclude that our justice system has a positive effect on crime REFERENCES Stephens (1990) High-tech crime scrap Futurist, Jul/Aug90, Vol. 24 Issue 4, p20-20, 6p, 3 Black and White Photographs, 2 Illustrations legitimate on October 28, 2012 Black (1998) Do Right-to-Carry Laws Deter Violent Crime? daybook of Legal Studies, January 1998, v. 27, iss. 1, pp. 209-19 received on October 28, 2012 Larrabee (2006) Punishment vs.Rehabilitation in the criminal justice system received on October 27, 2012 from http//voices. yahoo. com/punishment-vs-rehabilitation-criminal-justice-119962. html ? cat=17 Britannica(2012) General Deterrence received on October 27, 2012 from http//www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/483544/punishment/272339/General-deterrence Golash (2005) The case against punishment Retribution, crime prevention and the Law New York New York University Press, 2005. 240pp. Vol. 15 No. 3 (March 2005), pp. 234-237 received on October 26, 2012 from http//www. bsos. umd. edu/gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/golash305. htm

Paper on ICD-9-CM, Essay

The International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), is used in assigning codes to diagnoses associated with inpatient, outpatient, and physician agency utilization in the U.S. lot 1 The mathematical listing of diseases, classified by etiology and anatomical system, as rise up as a classification of other reasons for encounters and causes of injury. This is called the tabular section of ICD-9-CM. slew 1 is used by all health charge providers and facilities. gaudiness 2 The alphabetic index used to locate the codes in Volume 1. Volume 2 is used by all health c ar providers and facilities Volume 3 A procedural classification with a tabular section and an index. This set of procedure codes is used only by hospitals to subject ara services. Category I Procedures that atomic number 18 consistent with modern medical rule and atomic number 18 widely performed.Category II Supplementary tracking codes that groundwork be used for performance measures. Category III Temporary codes for acclivitous technology, services and procedures. It is important to become familiar with each category and how the codes forget be used. It is also important to know when codes from another system, such as HCPCS Level II, are required. Category I codes are the five-digit numeric codes include in the main body of CPT. Category I is the section that coders commonly identify with when talking about CPT. These codes represent procedures that are consistent with contemporary medical practice and are widely performed. Category I codes are updated annually and are broken down into six sections. 1. Evaluation and centering2. Anesthesiology3. Surgery4. Radiology5. Pathology and Laboratory6. MedicineEvaluation and management codes are the most commonly billed codes in medicine. These are the codes for every office visit/encounter a physicianhas with a patient.V codes are used to describe encounters with circumstances other than disease or injury. V codes a re used either as a first listed or contributing code depending on the situation. E codes are supplemental codes that view the external cause of injury or poisoning, the intent and the place where the result occurred. E codes are intended to provide data for injury query and prevention strategies. E codes are never to be used as a primary diagnosis code.The HCPCS level II is a citywide and standardized coding system that describes classifications of like products that are medical in nature by category for the purpose of efficient claims processing. For each HCPCS code, at that place is a descriptive terminology that identifies a category of like items. These codes are used primarily for billing purposes. Level I, are based on and identical to CPT codes, the codes developed by the American Medical Association.Referencehttp//www.medicalbillingandcodingu.org/icd-9-cm-coding-overview/http//www.cms.gov/Medicare/ cryptogram/MedHCPCSGenInfo/index.html?redirect=/MedHCPCSGeninfo/

English Proficiency

Yakushko, O. (2010). Clinical urinate with limited English proficiency clients A phenomenological exploration. professed(prenominal) Psychology interrogation and Practice, 41, 449-455. doi10. 1037/a0020996 This search article focused on therapists perceptions of clinical and personal characteristics and contextual factors that may influence rational health service delivery to limited English proficiency (LEP) clients through interpreters. Particularly, this exact attempted to understand these factors by exploring the lived experiences of clinicians who have worked with LEP individuals through translators.Analysis of the data serene provided two recurring themes that revolved around the personality and educate of both therapist and interpreter. Based on the findings of this research, the author suggested consideration of clinical wield for LEP clients, who may be inadvertently marginalised from effective psychotherapeutic intervention, would demonstrate a commitment to soc ial solelyice. The need under review distinctly meets the criteria for soft research for the purpose of understanding a complex issue in greater detail as suggested by Liamputtong (2009).Related essay Causes of misadventure in English LanguageLiamputtong (2009) remarked that an understanding of the components and contextual issues could only be achieved by having direct conversation with people who have lived the experience the researcher sought-after(a) to investigate. The author states that the phenomenological study sought to contribute to understanding these factors by examining the lived experiences of viii therapists skilled in working with LEP individuals through interpreters. Clearly, one of the strengths of the use of the phenomenological expression is the acceptability of a small number of participants under investigation, which were eight in this case.Further, this methodological framework afforded the researcher to analyse the data thematically, which place issu es that centred on personality and training of both therapists and interpreters. One of the points, supported by evidences and clearly communicated to readers, is that similar to the characteristics central to describing a skilled therapist, the interpreter is not just a mere translator, but an active member of a psychotherapy team whose skill in multicultural issues, mental health training and therapeutic processes, and personality may affect the success f mental health services delivered to LEP individuals through an interpreter. The author though attempted to bring over readers of reflexivity, by mentioning the attention given to the search for disconfirming evidence and damaging case analysis, however no clarification of this effort was given in any part of the report. Nevertheless, peer debriefers were involved in the study to take in to issues of researcher subjectivity and biases, and researchers interpretation of data was besides subjected to member checking.Further stud ies can employ the four kinds of triangulation, namely multiple method, theories, data or source, and researchers, as pointed out by Liamputtong (2009), to underpin the dependability of the findings of this study. good example rigour was achieved through the appropriate use of purposive sampling technique, which identified participants who have lived experiences of work with LEP clients through interpreters.Particular attention was paid to selection criteria, to delay that therapists, though with general clinical expertise, have between a neophyte and expert level experience working with LEP individuals. This would guarantee that consideration about(predicate) the therapeutic process in working with LEP clients through translators were unconnected to universe a beginner clinician. Other factors considered, such as level of schoolmaster training, language and culture of origin were also crucial in ensuring a fit between participant selection, methodology, theoretical framework and research purpose.In considering the studys interpretative rigour, a broader understanding gained from the result of the findings lend conviction to the result of a similar scholarly work conducted by Miller, Martel, Pazdirek, Caruth, and Lopez (2005) which highlighted the involve of the interpreters function in therapeutic alliance, the management of and challenges that may result from the triadic clinical relationship (of the therapist, interpreter and client), and training of both clinician and interpreter.Overall, this research achieved a measure of theoretical and methodological rigour by establishing a fit between the research purpose of exploring factors that contribute to delivering successful clinical care to LEP individuals from the clinicians perspective and the use of phenomenological approach to examine the embodied experiences of these clinicians in greater detail, through the use of semi-structured and open-ended interviews. References Liamputtong, P. (2009).Qua litative research methods (3rd ed. ). Oxford Oxford University Press. Miller, K. , Martel, Z. , Pazdirek, L. , Caruth, M. , & Lopez, D. (2005). The role of interpreters in psychotherapy with refugees An exploratory study. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75, 27-39. Yakushko, O. (2010). Clinical work with limited English proficiency clients A phenomenological exploration. Professional Psychology Research and Practice, 41, 449-455. doi10. 1037/a0020996

Were the Great Powers ready for war in 1914?

To be piss for contend the colossal Powers would pauperization a great struggle machine, some(prenominal) in ground forces and navy, great agriculture and they would in like manner need to be financi totallyy open of supporting the expenses pissd by the contendfare. Further more the Powers should be sparingally winning soils and have rock-steady infrastructure to enable them to produce necessary weapons to struggle the war. The politics of the earth and the moral of its people should too be interpreted into account when enciphering the Great War.Being lay out for war involves a large culmi tribe of different aspects. The countrys armed forces is a very chief(prenominal) aspect to consider. The military of the nation is an crying aspect since a military involves a permanent, professional force of spends or guerrillas develop exclusively for the aspiration of warfare. The size of the military depends on the number of men, the cavalry and the artillery the nation possess. Usually, the larger the military the more chance there is of winning the bout against the early(a) nation(s) since more men and equals more power or force. moreover the motivation and the determination of the military also plays an important part in the plausible outcome.A nonher important factor in deciding if the Powers were induce for war is their agriculture. If the nations external food sources from foreign countries were blocked the country would hunger unless the agriculture is sufficient decorous to feed its people. To be ready for war the country should have the capability to survive for a breaker point during the war by growing its own food. nonetheless the Powers should have land purchasable to grow the food. Money also plays a significant part in deciding whether the Powers are ready for war. To be ready, the Powers should be financially equal to(p) to support their nation and its people. Also the cost of the war should non incline to nation b ankruptcy.Prior to 1914, Wilhelm the second rejected Bismarcks careful foreign polity and under went a period of military expansion both in ground forces and navy. The military expansion can be show as Germ any being warlike and aggressive save a great military is inevitable to be ready of war. In 1906 the French armament was a more sophisticated soldiery than the Germans despite the fact that Germany had 10,000 more men. This did not go unnoticed and by 1914 Germanys army was estimated to around 2 million. Germany believed that the navy also plays an important part and Tirpitz, the head of the German navy, believed that Germany couldnt be seen as a world power without a knock-down(prenominal) navy. He wanted to influence his navy two thirds the size of Britains so that he could challenge them. This also shows Germany being war like and aggressive. By 1906, he had 18 battleships (first figure), 13 battleships (other class), 6 cruisers (first class), 24 cruisers (other clas s), 103 destroyers, subs mtbs and 35,500 officers and men.Having a superior army is not enough to be ready for war, the soldiers should be motivated and determined to fight. To improve soldier and citizen morale the German army was described as in that location was no such thing as the German army but quite a the 4 armies of Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony and Wurttemberg1. This statement boosted the soldiers confidence since its gave an affect that Germany had a immense army. The sheer size of the German army implies Germany was in fact ready for war in the military aspect.The military aspect, despite being an imperative part of being ready for war, is not enough. The industry of the nation also plays an important part. By 1914 Germany was one of the near economically no-hit nations in, not just Europe but the world. In 1909 there were 4579 commercial companies in Germany with a combined capital of 15,860 million marks and with annual dividends of c. 1 billion marks. In the first two decades of the Empire, Germany had been transformed from a in the first place agrarian to a predominantly industrial state 2. Also Germanys high and sustained rate of industrial product was the dominant feature of the European economic landscape. It was more persistent than that of either France or Britain, and was riva direct only by that of Russia and, foreign Europe, by the USA.3 Also in the new industries of chemicals and electrics, German industry led the way.4 The booming German industry makes Germany ready for war in the industrial aspect as rise.Agriculturally, Germany was excellent. By 1914 German agriculture, in terms of mince per hectare, was the most productive in the world.5 In 1912, Germany was producing 2,260 kg/hectare of wheat and 15,030 kg/hectare of potatoes. Their agricultural superiority shows that Germany would have the capability to survive for a period during a war by growing its own food since it had the most productive agricultural land in the world. Germanys thriving agriculture makes the nation ready for war in a agricultural aspect. However, despite the go on industrial growth, German society appeared to have become increasingly fractured during the period. There was a much greater disparity between the upper and working(a) classes. The politics of the nation and the moral of the people should also be enunciate if the nation is considered to be completely ready to fight a war. in spite of being superior in a military sentience, an industry sense and agricultural sense, Germany was not great in a political sense.From 1870-1914, Britain was the leaders world power its position was sustained by the royal navy. The British navy was larger than any other powers though it was widely distributed passim the empire in pocket-size groups. Britain required a strong navy since the nation relied heavily on imports and its need for a market meant that submit sea passage was important. However Britains army was not as strong as th eir navy. The army was spread throughout the empire in refutation and has been mostly successful. However the army was very small only fitted out(p) in fighting small easy wars. A small army doesnt mean its not a strong army. The British army was small unlike the other larger European armies but it was professional and well trained. The moral and the determination of the army to succeed is also very important in winning wars not just the size.The army was polarised by class and small reaching a sum of 733,514, which was tiny compared to the standards of the European rivals. The BEF was the army Britain had available for the possible eruption of war. The BEF was small with 1 permanent Corp, 1 Calvary division, 6 infantry divisions (20,000) hitherto most was spread throughout empire with over half of the BEF at home being reservists which would be the army unofficially sent to France on the western wing of the army in the event of the outbreak of the war. Because Britains army lac ked size its ability of bread and butter was limited. However, in 1914 there was parliament approval to increase the army by 500, 000 men. This quote summarises the British army well The British army was historically little more than a colonial police force trained and equipped to fight small wars against inferior opposition.6 The British were not as strong as the Germans in a militarily and this suggests they were not ready for war in military aspect.Austrias army was not much break-dance that the Britains one. Compared with the German army the size of the military was quite small. The size was not only the problem but language was another major one. When the outbreak of war appeared there were 2.25 million men that were immobilized for Austro-Hungary and they were trained for around 4 weeks earlier they were sent. There were many languages spoke in the army so they had to try and make sure the same language served together. Most of the cartridge holder different nationalities had to mix though and the officers were mainly Hungarian or German speaking Austrians with the enlisted from the Slavic population. This meant many Slavic men had to be taught a different language. In 1914 Austria had 40,000 soldiers and Hungary had 30,000. There was also the Imperial and Royal force that was drawn from all parts of the Empire. The 350,000 men in this army gave their loyalty direct to Emperor Franz Josef.7In 8th April 1904 the Anglo-French Entente was consummated later on long years of negotiation with a complete settlement of all outstanding colonial differences. This opened the door to Anglo-French military conversations, which continued up to the outbreak of war in August 1914. In 17th January 1906, Anglo-French military conversations about cooperation in the event of a European war began at the Algeciras Conference.France was not prepared for war as well as the other great Powers. This was because France had no war aim in the build up to the First World War a nd therefore they did not feel the need to prepare for war much. However they did make a vital dressing in the political aspect of getting ready for war. France made a strong alliance with Russia. This meant that if France had to go to war with Germany, Germany would be forced into war on two fronts. Frances government being not very organized caused the lack of interest of starting the war.France however was a wealthy country and they were financially capable of starting a war but however its executive power was weak compared to Britain and Germany. They also had frequent changes of government, which can cause disagreement with the nations policies. France was not in a good situation to enter a war and their minimal preparation shows their naivety. It is suggested that France had no intention of come in World War One, and they were literally forced into it.The Russian army was the largest in Europe, but despite having many men, they were not financially capable of compensable t he soldiers so the Russian government could only call up a fraction of those eligible each year to serve in the army. The Russian army was corrupt and under equipped. The army was backward, short of modern equipment and officers were constitute on the ground of family connections rather than ability. There battle success was not great either since they were badly defeated by the Japanese army in 1904-1905.Despite having a poor army Russias economy was booming. savings accounts grew from 4,988,000 to 8,992,000 between 1905 and 1913. The national dept also significantly dropped. The average annual growth rate between 1907 and 1914 was over 6 per cent, which was higher then that of any other Western European country. However, to continue this development Russia needed both domestic harmonies, which was under threat and even more importantly recreation with her neighbors. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and the events which followed were to shatter both. There was some p olitical instability before the war because the classes were beginning to reveal their grievances.In conclusion none of the Great Powers were completely ready for war. Germany and had a strong army which means the nation was ready in a military aspect but however they were not ready politically. Britains army was minute however their navy was successful and Austrias army was also small. Russia had a large army but they were not financially capable of paying all the soldiers. Agriculturally Germany was excellent and politically Britain was good. However to be ready for war the nation must possess a culmination of several aspects such as a good military, good agriculture and industry and they should also be financially capable. None of the powers possess this culmination and were strong in one aspect but not in the other.

Working century

This assignment alms to analyses the lifes of three Individuals by exploring the personal and situational accompanimentors considered In Suppers Archway molding as sanitary as the Grumblers scheme, and discuss how these computes interact and affect c arer decisiveness-making. The analysis is hence applied to the discussion how to use the unlike types of intelligences in achieving career winner and advancement. Interviewee 1 Name Jane Chug Highest Educational arriere pensee Honors In Accountancy Age 40 years old sex activity Female Race Chinese Nationality Singapore Work experience 21 years onetime(prenominal) stage business Accountant/ General Accounts ManagerCurrent occupation participator Finance Manager Brief Background Jane is currently operative as an Assistant Finance Manager with Eng Lee &038 Associates and has been on that point for almost 2 years. Being the mother of two churlren, Jane placed a huge vehemence on being qualified to spend quality time with h er family. Thus, the study factors which lickd Canes career history is avocation satisfaction and clear life equalizer. When asked to illuminate herself under three of the six personalities and environments that Holland unquestionable which suits her beaver, she chose Conventional, Social and Realistic. line of achievement accounting of IndividualJane graduated at the age of 22 and started her firstborn as an assistant accountant with Panasonic where she was only in charge of only 1 of the subsidiarys account. Due to appearstanding performance, she was promoted several times within a embroil of 3 years. This was par on the wholeel to the companys indemnity to provide opportunities for career culture to accommodate talents. However, even with easily promotion prospects, Jane does not hold oft situation In decision-making. With meeting tight deadlines and superiors expectation the only challenges, job assign were mundane and this resulted in a deficiency of need for her.Although this job provided her the knead-life balance she wanted, she did not enjoyed the nature of her cypher at all. Furthermore, the most pivotal designer for her exit was referable to the clash of personal esteem. During the period of economic seeturn, there was a change of the management. In nine to present a unequivocal financial results to the professers, Jane was inned to manage the earnings accounts. This made Jane faced with an respectable dilemma. Coupled with her lack of job satisfaction, she decided to leave the job. Next, she moved on to her next career to work as an Assistant Finance Manager.The Meanys honor is in line with her personal value. Moreover, her current nature of made Jane passing motivated by the new challenges available to her every day, and satisfied with her on the job(p) environment and work life balance offered. Interviewee 2 Name surface-to-air missile Nag Highest Educational Qualification Primary 6 Age 55 years old Gender Mal e Work experience 38 years Past occupation Construction Worker, Interior Design contractile organ Current occupation Taxi Driver surface-to-air missile is currently working as taxi driver of Comfort and has been there for almost 17 years.He is married with two children and has been the sole breadwinner of the Emily. Thus, the major factors which influenced Cams career history is project stability, health and work life balance. Being part of a humongous family of 12 children, Sam, who was the 10th child, could only study up to unoriginal 3 forwards he was obligate to drop come in of school to champion the family by working for his uncle. When asked to crystallize himself under three of the six personalities and environments that Holland developed which suits her best, she chose Conventional, Enterprising and Realistic.Career History of Individual Sam started working as a full time expression worker at the age of 18. He was working for his uncle and his other younger brothers were as well working there, albeit with different tasks. Weighed down with the responsibility of taking care of them, he has no survival just now bear with the harsh working conditions. Moreover, he knew that with his lowly education take, he could only take up projects of such nature. After several years, the physically-demanding parentage finally took a toll on his physical structure.He then found out that this hypothesize could only last him as long as his body could take it and that he needed a second Job. Furthermore, the low enlist demand of foreign workers led to an influx f them, resulting in crushing of his wages. This made Sam to be worried about his Job stability. With the rise of family, Sam went into a partnership for interior designing. However, Just when the business was doing well, came the 1997 ocean economic downturn. This resulted in the failure of the business. Having filed for bankruptcy, Sam decided to take up the taxi driver vocational license co urse.Subsequently, Sam has been on the route for 17 years as a taxi driver. Although this job close up imposes physical strain on his body, the flexibility and stability of the Job was integrity that he valued. Name Marvin Tan Highest Educational Qualification O Levels Age 52 years old Work experience 35 years Past occupation Air Force Technician, Insurance Agent Current occupation Remised Marvin has been working as a remised with DMS &038 Partners Securities since year 2002 till now. As a father of three, and besides the sole breadwinner of the family, Marvin seeks Jobs that had stability and regular working hours.When asked to classify himself under three of the six personalities and environments that Holland developed which suits him best, he chose Investigative, Conventional and Realistic. Career History of Individual Marvin started working at the age of 17 due to family circumstances. He was enrolled into the first year of pre-university, only then when his father was wring d into retirement at Journo shipyard, He realized that his family would not be able to afford the exorbitant university school fees even if he had made it by means of to university.At the age of 17, he had to look for a Job in order to shoulder the responsibilities of supporting for the family. Since young, he had always wanted to be a pilot, but the process was a long and tedious one, so he decided to dedicate his dream aside and be an air fury technician alternatively. The benefit of being a regular is a stable income so that he could ease his fathers expenses burden, by seeing his younger brother and infant through their secondary school education.Marvin left the air force by and by 12 years as he felt that the way the makeup worked did not really suit him, and indeed decided to carve out a career for himself. During the arrears as a technician, he also picked up the habit of reading the newspapers daily, which got him to realize that his interest is in analyzing shares an d stocks. Moreover, he also felt that he has a bent of analyzing the stock market. His ultimate purpose was to be a remised but he opted to apply as a lead first because he wanted to learn the ropes of the fabrication, and to also produce a byplay.Moreover, a dealer would baffle a basic comprise which incentive him back then because he had to raise 3 children. objet dart waiting for a reply to his applications, he was also keen to have it away more about the insurance industry. He took the pertinent papers to benefit spare knowledge, and ended up as an insurance agent for half(a) a year. Companies who were hiring dealers back then were looking for university graduates and moreover, Marvin found that the insurance industry was not worthy for him so he was only left with the choice of being a remised.After so many twists in Margins career path, he finally got geted into summit securities at the age of 30, and has been working as a remised since then. Personality, Mr.. Tan feels that he is relentless, passionate and has a senior high school level of self- efficacy. Suppers Archway Model Suppers Archway Model shows that individuals self concept whitethorn change in the synthesizing and compromising process of the interaction amongst relevant psychological, personal and societal elements, which in turn influences the choice ND development of the individuals career.For Jane, the extended 5 life stages by top-notch (1957) suggests that Jane is in the exe cut oution stage, where career prospect should be high on Canes priority list. With the various advancement opportunities available to Jane, this should have encouraged her to continue employment with Panasonic. However, her decision to switch companies proved otherwise. Having an independent and ambitious reputation, she is competitive and works well where there are many opportunities to succeed. She craves for more decision making liberty than what she held at Panasonic. withal though Jane is a ble to complete her Job-tasks well, the lack of challenges fails to motivate her to put forth her best efforts. This resulted in her resignation as the extrinsic motivation of promotion was unable to compensate the lack of intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, Canes family has instilled a arduous notion of honesty and ethics and this personal value has been something she tried to keep her whole life. The ethical dilemma she faced was undo by her unfaltering sense of personal values.Moreover, the education she true emphasized on the fact that accounting figures speaks the truth. Staying on will mean that there will be a huge conflict of value in the midst of her and the company. This shows that Jane has a high level of career maturity from a young age, due to her healthy self-concept of who she is and what she likes. Hence, the change from her previous Job at Panasonic to her current one shows that Jane seeks to embody out her vocational self concept through the choice of her Job in order to attain Job satisfaction which she valued.It is shown work satisfactions are dependent on the degree to which an individual finds adequate outlets for abilities, needs, values, interests, personality traits and self-concepts However, the scheme fails to recognize which of the constructs involved in this proposition is theoretically most operative to career satisfaction which ultimately affects the choice of Canes career. For Sam, he was brought up in a traditional family which value kinship deeply.Being responsible and favoring Job stability, this should have resulted in Sam continuing his work with the interaction between psychological, personality and societal elements that influences his self-concept revealed the reason behind his Job switch. With only a wed 6 qualification in hand, his aptitude signifi dealtly limited Sam to only a few fleck of occupation. Together with the societal factor of family, which is to take care of his siblings and carrying on the burde n of earning money for the family, made him accept the fact of working in the harsh environment.However, the physical strain on his body spark the thought of a career change. Moreover, the looser foreign policy passed by the government created an influx of foreign workers, most notably weighed down his Job stability and suppressing of his wages, created the motivation of him switching Jobs. Coupled with his risk-taking personality, the need of acquire a higher income for his growing family and his interest for interior designing down Cams self concept and prompted him to enter into the partnership.In Cams case, although the refining of his self concept has provided reasons for his succeeding career choice, it is historic to note that Sam does not have much control over the formation of his self-concept, with only control over how to represent it into occupational choices. Furthermore, Suppers Archway model should be complemented by his Life-career Rainbow to better elaborate Cams career hoicks. His life and career may be viewed as an travail to live out a self-concept through the blending of a selected number of life roles, each of which makes different demands on energy and time.For Marvin, being only an O levels holder, his aptitude limited his Job choices and he could only settle between what interest him and his educational qualifications, with his family in mind at the same time. Even though Marvin has always wanted to be a pilot since young, he was not able to realize his dream due to his family circumstances and opted to work something close o it instead, as an air force technician, compromising between individual and social factors his self-concept and reality. As Marvin matured and the burden of supporting his family lightened, it got him think over on what was best for his career.Over a span of 12 years, there was a gradual change in Margins self-concept and perspective due to several factors such as realizing that repairing airplanes was no t what he wanted to do for the rest of his life, and the communications protocol was not something that suited him. Having been reading the newspapers for several years, he developed a rowing interest in the stock market, and believed that he has a ease for it. Having an inquisitive personality, he decided to applied to be a dealer instead of being blinded by his primary objective to be a remised.This is because he recognized the importance of learning the ropes of the industry as a dealer in order to be a good remised. Moreover, he wanted to build a clientele and that the incentive of a stable pay would be able to support his family. He also recognized that the insurance industry was growing which encouraged him to gain additional knowledge while waiting for a reply to his applications. Eventually, Marvin took up the luck to be a remised as his educational qualification was not copious to land him a Job as a dealer.This transition has proven the career fitability Marvin has, whe reby he has successfully adapted to a completely different and unfamiliar environment. Moreover, the takeover of his previous company, which took place n 2010, meant that Marvin also had to adapt to the new work protocol and hierarchy. It is also apparent own interests and strengths. starting from a client base of null, Marvin has been a remised for the past arrears, weathering through all obstacles, simply because he as been doing what he like.Marvin had no regrets when it came to the crunch, going his comfort zone, the stable pay he got as an air force technician, to take up a new challenge and to improve on himself, for his interest had spurred him on. Suppers model mentioned that the degree of satisfaction people attain from work is proportional to the degree to which they have been able to implement their self- concept, which is relevant in Margins case. Essentially, Suppers theory addresses the entire span of a persons life. However, the five developmental stages that Super 1957) had developed are not completely applicable in Margins case.Although Marvin had an stirring during the growth stage that lasted to the age of 14, it was short-lived. His exploration stage, from age 15 to 24, was cut short as he had to find a job later on his father was forced to retire. Marvin did not have the chance to plan for his prefer occupation. The establishment stage, took place late at when he was 30 instead of 25 years old, as he had to serve a tokenish bond of 10 years before he could leave the army. Grumblers possibility Grumblers theory also known as the Social Learning Theory of Career DecisionMaking, explores the concept of triadic reciprocal interaction, which is the interaction between heredity and environmental attributes, and the importance of instrumental &038 associative learning and how they in turn influence an individuals work behavior. The 4 major factors that influence ones career development intromit genetic endowment, environmental conditions, learning experiences and task approach skills. For Jane, she was born in a family where both her parents worked as an Accountant. Inherited with their genes, Jane was born a abstain learner with a acute sense towards numbers.Moreover, after observing the success her parents had as an Accountant, provided her an associative learning experience, where she also want to pattern her own behavior after. This resulted to her taking up Accountancy during her university. Having attained good results in her course and the good reviews she had during her internship, this provided her an instrumental learning experience. The interaction between these factors reenforce her self-concept and formed self statements of evaluation of her interest and efficacy expectations in the sketch of accounting which led to her taking up her first Job as an Assistant Accountant in Panasonic.Although this theory did not played an important part to show the development of her career, this provided the reason of Canes initial decision to work as an Accountant. For Sam, he possessed an innate artistic ability for designing. His knack at designing was affirmed by the various awards he received by taking part in designing competition during his secondary school days. However, faced with environmental conditions such as the lack of Job opportunities available to him and his family encouragement to Join the construction industry, Sam believed that this as the best choice and started work with his uncle as a construction worker.Physical exertions at the construction ground provided a form of instrumental learning experience that served to make him about the limitations of his physical and events played a big role in shaping Cams eventual(prenominal) occupation. The economic downturn in 1997, which led to his eventual bankruptcy, provided an instrumental learning experience which made him realized the risk he was exposed to by operating a business of this nature and the lack of work life balance as a result of his feverous schedule. To add on, the nature of his business requires him to travel around Singapore in order to meet his customers.This allowed him to find out his talent in memory road names. Moreover, the relatively stable rice-bowl and flexibility nature off taxi-driver affiliates with his value of stability and work life balance. The interaction between his genetic endowment, environmental conditions and learning experiences lead to his eventual career as a taxi-driver. For Marvin, being able to stay in the industry for arrears and more, and to build a clientele from nothing, can only prove how trustworthy and discerning he is in analyzing the stock market.Although Marvin was not given the chance to further his studies, he had the determination to pursue his interest and succeed in it. Having borne as the eldest child in the family, environmental circumstances determined his first Job, but he was not entirely satisfied with what he had at that time. The nature of the Job provided Marvin an instrumental learning experience which reminded him that the nature of the Job was not suitable for him and thus, decided to leave after serving his bond in order to pursue the interest and innate ability he had discovered n himself in the field of stock analyzing.This theory has influenced Margins career decisions as we can see that an action plan was established to first become a dealer to support his family and build a clientele, before applying to be a remised. He had also recognized the growing demand of the insurance industry, thus identifying it as an alternative if he had failed to become a dealer, which was what happened eventually. He then worked as an insurance agent for half a year before leaving his post for what he had always wanted to do, to be a remised.

Applying Critical and Creative Thinking in Daily Life Essay

captious and notional thinking skills are a must when you nonplus a family with ii working(a) parents and two children. This past year my wife and I have had to be comply real creative with our bud generateing to deem our family on a top out financial track. Raising a family can be tricky for anyone still when financial problems unexpectedly arise it really throws a curve thump in the mix. We had to do some quick thinking and come up with some unusual methods to keep our family on track with the holidays quickly approaching. We employ creative thinking to look around for the ideas and critical thinking to range those creative ideas out and decide which ones would work best for our situation. Last October with very little warning I lost my job. Now since my wife and works part time, I am the major bread superior in our family. My job supplies our money for our monthly bills, our health insurance and our life sentence insurance. My wifes give birthcheck is more for spen ding money and savings.However, our savings was extremely low because we had just purchased a new shell a couple months before and had to make two unexpected trips home to Illinois inwardly three weeks the month before because of illness in the family. When I came home and told my wife I was losing my job she was definitely extremely worried. We had to come up with a program to keep our financial heads above water and quick. scratch we sat down and went over each and every expense in our household. We took out the ones we didnt really need such as bare internet fees and clothing allowances for the next couple of months. These were just luxuries and our clothing was handsome for now. We wanted to try our best for now to keep the kids lives minimally changed. conterminous we looked at ways to make extra income while I was unemployed. I am an IT security engineer so we knew that more than likely I would not be unemployed for long but we needed to plan for three months minimum.Al so included in these three months was of wrangle Christmas, which of course means even more money is needed. I was previously in the military so I would continue to get my GI prime money since I was going to school so that was helpful. My wife picked up extra hours anytime she could get them at work and I took small jobs on the side helping friends fix computer problems. Since I was home the day care needs were able to be stopped and when I had interviews my wife raise friends that could help out. The problems arose when we had to have some unexpected plumbing system done in this time period. We do not typically use credit mailings. We keep two on hand for times of emergency but later on some bad experiences when we were younger we make it a must to pay them off immediately.Together we decided it was a must to put the plumbing fees on them and pay it off as soon as I got another job. Our daughter performs in a school activity and we had to collect her grandparents to help out with the fees to that. We told them she would read if it was part of her Christmas present. It worked out great and helped her to understand that as a family we needed to work together. Keeping our house and fomite payments, the utilities and food on the table were the most important things. All in all with some creative and critical thinking we have come through what could have been a complete financial crisis for us. We did not get too behind and as soon as I started working again we made sure to get all credit card bills paid back off and money back into our savings in case this ever happens again.REFERENCESRuggiero, Vincent Ryan. (2012). The Art of Thinking A Guide to Critical and Creative Thought, Tenth Edition. New Jersey Pearson

Applied Statistics at Grand Canyon University Essay

1. Which patient gibed the highest on the preoperative CVLT Acquisition? What was his or her T score? The 3rd patient scored 63 which is the highest CVLT T-score.2. Which patient scored the utmost on postoperative CVLT retrieval? What was this patients T score?The 4th patient scored the lowest on the postoperative CVLT Retrieval with a score of 23.3. Did the patient in Question 2 have more than of a memory performance decline than average on the CVLT Retrieval? Provide a rationale for your event.Yes, because he scored 23 and the average is 38.2.4. What is the slopped ( X) and standard deviation (SD) for preoperative T score for CVLT Acquisition?The squiffy for preoperative T score for CVLT acquisition is 46.35, and the SD is 5.061, calculated using pass auto sum function.5. Is the preoperative Retrieval T score for long-suffering 5 above or below the mean for the average of the theme? Provide a rationale for your answer.The score for patient 5 on preoperative Retrieval T sc ore (52) is above the mean for the norm of the group (47.36).6. Assuming that the distribution of the preoperative CVLT Retrieval T hit is normal, the middle 68% of the patients had T lots between what two set?7. Assuming that the distribution of heaps for the postoperative CVLT Retrieval T scores is normal, the middle 68% of the patients had T scores between what two value?8. The researchers state that it appears that the functional integrity of the left(a) temporal lobe, despite grounds of structural abnormality, plays a considerable role when it comes to memory outcomes following left ATL. Can the findings from this study be generalized to a larger universe of discourse? Provide a rationale for your answer.No, because, according to our source, the sample size is also small to generalize the results for a larger population.9. If a patient had a raw score = 30, what would his/her postoperative CVLT Retrieval T score be? Tscore=10X/SD+(50-10Xo/SD)Tscore=10(30)/1.414+(50-10(3 9.294))/1.414Tscore=-15.72910. Did patients demonstrate more postoperative memory declines among CVLT Retrieval T scores than CVLT Acquisition T scores? Provide a rationale for your answerNo, the number of declines in both postoperative categories is the same(13).

Fahrenheit 451 Essay

Fahrenheit 451 is a sustain of account that was published by Ray Bradbury in 1953. This book tells the novel in which intellectual thought and books argon illegal. According to the book, the futuristic firemen draw the responsibility of setting fire to the books and any place that they reside. Numerous earthshaking symbols occur in this book. In my opinion, fire, the Hearth and the Salamander, and the capital of Arizona argon trinity of the most important symbols.The title of the book is an important symbol in and of itself. Ray Bradbury titled the book Fahrenheit 451 because 451 degrees Fahrenheit is the temperature at which report burns. Fire is a symbol of destruction. Its significant because the main character, guy cable Montag, and the rest of the firemen burn books because they are illegal. When seventeen-year-old Clarisse McClellan asks if Montag ever reads any of the books he burns, he laughs and replies Thats against the law When Clarisse and Montag begin to talk m ore, Montag is taken aback by the different knowledge that Clarisse expresses to him. She tells him that firemen used to be sent out to tick off fires, not start them. Montag couldnt fight the sudden burning infrequency that over took all of his past beliefs. He began to collect books from each book burning and read them.The Hearth and the Salamander is the title of the first class of the book. Hearths are fireplaces that are traditionally placed in the center of the fireside and are a source of warmth. They represent the constructive use of fire, which Clarisse accidentally shows Montag. After walking and talking with Clarisse, he realizes that he is not happy. The book states, He felt his smile slide away, melt, fold over and crop up on itself like a tallow skin, like the stuff of a angry candle burning too long and now collapsing and now short-winded out. Darkness. He was not happy. The salamander on the other hand was erst believed to be able to live in fire without bein g consumed by it. This represents the destructive side of fire. Salamanders are the names given to the fire trucks and are the official symbols of the firemen. When Clarisse meets Montag for the first time the book describes her as being, hypnotized by the salamander on his arm.The Phoenix is a huge symbol that is mentioned in the novel. Toward the end of the story, the city is completely destroyed. The Phoenix was a mystical lady that would burn itself up and then rise again. Granger explains the legend of the Phoenix to Montag when they are watching the fire. Its used to symbolize the renewal of mankind. standardized the Phoenix, they have the ability to rise from the ashes, and rebuild their society.These extremely significant symbols are what make the novel a fantastic story. Fire, the Hearth and the Salamander, and the Phoenix are three symbols that I chose to go into detail about. They each express a different meaning of the book. The thought of firemen starting fires is som ething that could possibly change when build the city. At the end of the book they have one thing in mind and that is to change peoples minds about books.

Consumerism: Want and New Pair Shoes Essay

In at onces society consumerism has taken a big procedure in every sensations lives because mass shapem to buy materialistic objects that they bewilder ont train, but buy for pleasure. People dont probe that this is becoming an issue in our society because they atomic number 18 to focused on wanting more for their satisfaction than they need. I seen on the whole these advertisements on TV that maneuver Nemours athletes wearing the new so called gear, making every one want what they see such as shoes, Jordans, Nike, and Vans. I myself I akin shoes, but not to the extent were I have boxes and boxes piled up in my closet like some people.For example, I have friends who buy $ three hundred dollar shoes or camp the night at pes locker just to turn binding the latest Jordans, I find this lurid to believe what people are willing to do just to get a new reduplicate of shoes. Some of my friends have a appealingness of Jordans stacked up against their wall of a value or so ar ound 3 to 4,000 dollars shocking I know. I sit back and laugh at my friends for wasting so much money on so many pairs of shoes thats they dont need and only wear them like once.Advertisements takes a big role in shoes by making athletes wear certain footwear that as if by magic makes them better at what they do weather it has to do with running fast-paced or jumping higher, tricking young minds into thinking they can be the corresponding if they go out and buy the product. What image does the athlete project well-nigh the product (Levine.302). These types of advertisements focus more on younger minds because they dont know better and are willing to spend an outrages amount of money. Statistics show that every woman in the United States own at least 17 pairs of shoes or more. More and more people are consuming more than they need either to adequate in with todays society or want the latest shoe place. shoes have become a world-wide thing were people dont know whats enough or ho w much it too much. For instants, Jordans are nice and comfortable but to pricey, were you have a pair of And 1 also a pair of basketball shoes were they price about $50 dollars. What people are doing is basically get the brand not the shoe. Horning states We are institutionally trapped in the prison- house of excogitation (Horning.316). Some people feel guilty when they go out the so called Mall and feel the need to buy new shoes all the time.This is where consumerism comes in and plays a big role society is blinded to see that their wants have gone up drastically and dramatically. Thats what we like and thats what we buy (Horning.316). Anything people see they buy without thinking twice and know that they already have brand new pair shoes they have not worn because there to focused on buying and buying till they see they no longer have space in their closet to put new shoes in.In Conclusion, Todays society has a big problem when it comes to consumerism because our younger generation doesnt know when to stop or whats too much. Many people should take into consideration that buying to many things doesnt make you fit in or make you any better than the next psyche who only has 3 pairs of shoes, society should take a little modus operandi of more responsibility and take into count that our wants are not as important as our needs.Work citedHorning, Robert. The Design Imperative.Dialogues An Argument Rhetoric and ref seventh ed. Ed. Gary Goshgarian and Kathleen Krueger. Boston Longman, 2011. 314-18. Print.Levine, Michael. Branded World. Dialogues An Argument Rhetoric and Reader 7th ed. Ed. Gary Goshgarian and Kathleen Krueger. Boston Longman, 2011. 302-05. Print.

Analyzing Success in the Stories of Martin Dressler and Robert Irwin Essay

When I prime(prenominal) fill Martin Dressler The Tale of An Ameri passel Dreamer, I thought it was a very enliven keep back. It talked or so the emotional state of an individual whose hardwok and perseverance overlyk him to the top of his dreams. Well, it net be inspiring in some way. Holding to your dreams and trying your best is adept of the main themes of the fable. However, after I finished the parole, I realized that it was not as inspiring as I thought it is. For me, it is now a book that tells some affaire well-nigh the bitter side of life and success. It exposes ane of the dreaded amours this world is trying to concealthat success is the golden crown of an vacant heart.From the story of Martin Dressler, I realized that success is not as long as what most of us opine and dream of. triumph is a traitor that kidnaps the deals opportunities to be happy with the one they love. one cadence success has kidnapped you, it will ask for your most precious possessio nyour familyas its ransom. As Martin Dressler moves to the top of his ladder of success, he also moves down to the equate of his decaying family. Following his dreams was indeed an carry throughment for him, but it was also the equivalent thing that leads him to a miserable family life.In my opinion, most of us sh be the same situation with Martin Dressler. I, myself, befuddle also experienced to be kidnapped by success. When I started college, which I attend as one of my greatest achievements because not everyone could rent the access to good education, I noticed that I was suitable too busy with my studies that I almost forgot to spend some quality time with my family. I got too blinded with the achievement that I was holding with my hand. During that time, I feared that I might lose the chance to be in college if I would not get serious with my schooling.As a result, I fagged most of my time inside my room and in the library studying. Until one day, my mother asked me to have a conversation with her. From that, I learned how extravagant my relationship with them has changed since I went to college. I realized my mis expunge and from then on, I integrate good time management to my everyday life. For me, success can never bring danger if one knows how to manage his time well. Success can never betray you if you know how to deal with it. Another thing that I noticed with the character of Martin Dressler is his great ability to make things happen.If examined, he started barely from anything. His perseverance was very admirable, especially during in his time when provided the rich people could afford to put up a moving in like what he had. On my own opinion, though, hardwork and perseverance is not enough. unrivaleds character is not the only thing that matters when following a dream. A person should not think that he can achieve success by relying solely on his own. He should also consider the people around him. Through building good relationships with people, one can have a better reach of his dreams. Everyone of us is a dreamer. close to of our dreams are actually an American dream. To be successful is not bad. To be on top of our achievements is not selfishness. However, I realized that if we let our dreams to be our masters, the more than it is hard for us to achieve them. Our dreams are our navigator to the built in bed where we want to be in the future. But they should never be the concenter of our life for we might miss the real treasureour family. Mean piece of music, another book shares almost the same things of Martin Dresslers storySeeing is Forgetting the Name of the thing One Sees, presenting the life of the American installment artist Robert Irwin.Although both characters have opposing personalities and were born in two antithetical time frames, Martin Dressler and Robert Irwin be quiet share the same experiences and philosophy in life. Both of their stories are a typifyation of a fulfilled dreamDressler in achieving his dream of becoming a successful businessman, and Irwin in achieving his dream of finding the best area where he excels at. The two biographical writers namely Steven Millhauser and Lawrence Weschler, however, used two different approaches in portraying Dressler and Irwin.Millhauser, in his book The Tale of an American Dreamer, has include not only the beautiful and inspiring aspect of Dresslers life but also the downside effect of the success he achieved. This was not incorporated by Weschler in presenting the life of Irwin. For me, his book simply narrates how Irwin started to have sideline in the field of arts, how he became a painter, how he became inquisitive with his aesthetical limitations, and how he finally got his way to the field of installation art. Reading the first few pages of the book Seeing is Forgetting the Name of the Thing One Sees, I easily got hooked into it.The first part was describing Irwins childhood and the people and the mannikin of en vironment that mainly influenced him. However, as I continue reading, I felt alienated in the way Weschler describing things on Irwins craft. Sometimes, I found myself clueless of what he was narrating. Probably it is because I have no idea at all with some of the jargons in painting and installation art. There were some words that I did not understand and indispensable me to research about them. The book, for me, seems a little bit technical if compared to the book The Tale of an American Dreamer.Analyzing the main characters life, though, leads me to conclude that his story is nevertheless the same as ours. In some point in our lives, we get confused on which path it is that we really will be taking. Everday, we are confronted with many choices, from the time we awake up to the time we take rest. It then makes me wonder how people make choices, specifically the right ones. What could be their criteria? In my own point of view, people make their choices by selecting the woof wher e they would feel greater happiness or fulfillment.But depending on what kind of person you are, happiness and fulfillment is very subjective. Everyone has his own story when asked about what it is that makes him happy and fulfilled. Eventhough it is hard to agree on such an issue, I think the important thing to remember is that we fully identify and know ourselves. By knowing ourselves means knowing our needs, including our need for happiness. When we recognize this need, then I think it is easier for us to know where we can find happiness.This for me is what the book about Irwins life represents. He looked for his happiness by addressing his need to say his thoughts and his self. For me, the works that he did can make him feel that a distribute of his self is being fulfilled. Talking about dreams, Dressler and Irwin, for me, are both portrayers of it. However, they represent dreams in two different faces one is a dream in exchange for something, and two is a dream in search for something. It seems to me that Dresslers American dream is crueler than Irwins dream.Although self- fulfilling, Dresslers idea of success yields more on the financial aspect as compared to the psychological one that Irwin has. For me, that of Irwins is a degree higher than that of Dressler. As a result, both of them gained successes that are in two different aspects, too. What Dressler achieved is a financial success while Irwin attained a more personal one. Works Cited Millhauser, Steven. The Tale of an American Dreamer. New York Vintage Books, 1997 Weschler, Lawrence. Seeing is Forgetting the Name of the Thing One Sees. regular army University of the California Press, 1982

Magna Carta for Students Essay

EXPLANATORY NOTE unrivaled of the biggest foundations of a progressive nation is an educated population. Development in the distinguishable argonas of knowledge much(prenominal) a science and technology, business, medicine, social science and differents realize brought about drastic advancement in our present society. In an increasingly demanding and dynamic global economy, competitiveness, more than an advantage, is a must. As expressed in the Philippine Constitution, procreation is one of the priorities of the recount. deviation from the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing, it is one of the primary necessities that the State should leave behind for its constituents. season the private sector is an active participant in the promotion of precept at present, the governrnent should still lead in ensuring its quality and accessibility. It should be recognised that the encompassing development of the pupils is non dependent merely on books and lectures. Aside fr om providing them with an environment standive to learning, it is the duty of the State to ensure the quality of teaching method that goes beyond the corners of the classroom for indeed the true lessons in life atomic number 18 gained in the real world.However, the present formal schoolingal system has, in one way or a nonher, deprived the disciples of the chance to develop their full potential. This Magna Carta for savants intends to equalize the chance of the scholars to inlet in naturalise and to avail of fit and quality reproduction. It seeks to provide measures to ensure that the schoolchilds atomic number 18 able to exercise their unspoiled welkins to organize, duty to participate in policy-making, correctly to academic drop by the waysidedom, and recompense to renounce style and information.For these reasons, the passage of this bill is earnestly sought. Senator FIFTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES front Regular Session ) ) ) HI SENATE S enate Bill No. JUl. -8 A9 (). i 911 INTRODUCED BY SEN. JINGGOY EJERCITO ESTRADA AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MAGNA CARTA OF STUDENTS Be it enacted by the Senate and Ho occasion of Representatives of the Philippines in coitus assembled SECTION 1. learners. Title. This Act shall be known as the Magna Carta of CHAPTER I habitual PRINCIPLES SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy.It is hereby declared to be the policy of the State to come on and nurse the rights of scholars to enable them to participate actively and effectively in the democratic processes of effective progressive and developmental changes in society. SEC. 3. Guiding Principles. This Act declares the succeeding(a) as basic guiding principles (a) The formal educational system macrocosm the principal institutional mechanism for imparting knowledge and developing skills is abandoned priority attention and support by the govemment. Education is a right and not a mere privilege.It is at that placefore the re sponsibility of the State to provide quality education accessible at all curriculum levels. savant organizations enhance democratic processes on the campus. Membership and active which promote and protect savants rights and welfare andor contribute to national development shall be guaranteed by the State and enlightendays authorities. Student organizations shall not be subject to rules and regulations that unduly hamper their activities and are prejudicial to their objectives and interests, provided such objectives, activities and interests are with the instructs mission.Student councils authoritiess being the most representative of the schoolchildry and the highest expression of scholar advocate on campus shall be consulted in the formulation of coach policies directly matching school-age childs. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) . (g) Student publication shall serve as a principal, medium for free and responsible expression, dissemination of information, and interaction, among the d ifferent sectors of the academic community . With their democratic rights guaranteed, students base serve as a potent and cogent force out in the countrys social transformation.SEC. 4. Definition of Terms. As used in this Act, the following terms shall mean (a) Student every person enrolled in school in post secondary, tertiary, graduate and post graduate levels, including vocational and technical education. inform any private, public or government-run and funded academic educational institution offering any or all fluxs in the preceding(prenominal)-named levels. School campus the summarizeality of all contiguous or proximate buildings, drive and early(a) facilities designed by the school as areas or facilities for the use of its students.Governing control board the highest policy making consistency of the school such as Board of Directors, Trustees or Regents. Student Council/Government the body representing the full-length student population in one school or schoo l campus whose officers are annually elected at large by the entirely student population pursuant to its constitution and by-laws, if any. Council of Leaders the body represent of the heads of various stUdent organizations chaired by the President/Chairman of the Student Council. nurture Fee The fee representing direct costs of instructions, training and other tie in activities, and the use of school facilities.The term other school fees refers to fees which cover other necessary costs supportive of instruction, including but not limited to aesculapian and dental, athletic, library, laboratory, and Citizen Army Training (CAT) or Citizen Military Training (CMT) fees. CHAPTER II flop TO ADMISSION AND QUALITY EDUCATION SEC. 5. Admission. . (a) No student shall be denied admission to any school on account of his/her physical handicap, socio-economic status, political or religious beliefs, or shall pregnant students and certified reformed drug abusers be discriminated against.A s tudent shall get hold of the right to freely choose his/her field of study subject to existing curricula and the instituti. ons admissions policies and to continue his/her course up to graduation except in case of academic deficiency, softness to meet program requirement, or violation of disciplinary regulations which do not infringe upon the exercise of students rights. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (b) SEC. 6. Rights to Competent Instruction and Relevant Quality Education. each student shall pay off the right to competent instruction and quality education to relevant to his/her personal and cultural development and that of the nation, and commensurate to the school fees paid, and for stir institutions, public subsidies granted. Students shall have the right to make a written military rating of the performance of their teachers toward the end of the school term. SEC.7. Right to Adequate Student run and Academic Facilities. It shall be the responsibility of the school administrat ion to provide the students with passable student services and academic facilities commensurate to the school fees paid, and for SCUs, public subsidies granted. CHAPTER cardinal RIGHT TO ORGANIZE SEC. 8. Right to Organize among Themselves.Unity and collective crusade being fundamental to the realization of common goal and the promotion and apology of common interest, the State recognizes the right of student to organize among themselves . . The rights of student to form, assist, or join any campus organization, alliance or federation, not contrary to the school mission, for their physical, intellectual, moral, cultural, spiritual and political interest shall not be abridged. SEC. 9. Student Council/Government. The State shall ensure the democratic and autonomous existence of student councils/governments.Pursuant thereto, there shall be one student council/government for each school campus, which shall be given learning by the school, colleges and universities concerned. It shal l have its own. set of officers elected in annual popular elections. Every student council/government shall have the right to determine its policies and program on student activities subject to this duly approved charter or constitution, school rules and regulation, and state policy. SEC. 10. light of and Granting of privileges to Student Organizations.No unreasonable requirements shall be imposed on student organizations seeking recognition. The guidelines concerning recognition shall be formulated by the Student Affairs Office in consultation with the student council. The process for seeking recognition shall begin upon the entering to the Student Affairs Office by the organization concerned on its (1) concept paper and constitution and (2) a formal letter intercommunicate to the Student Affairs stating that the organizations intent to be recognized. Recognition will be granted by the Students affairs Office upon form with the guidelines.There shall be no discrimination in th e assignment of school facilities and granting of other privileges to student organizations. Excessive charges for the use of school facilities shall be prohibited. Whenever doable the school administration shall allow studnt organizations to use school facilities free of charge. SEC. 11. Coordination of Student Organizations Activities. All on and off campus activities of student organization shall be coordinated by the student council/government in consultation with the Student affairs office.The Committee on Elections (COMELEC) constituted to conduct the election of the officers of the student council/government shall be composed solely of bona fide student of the school. The conduct of the student council election shall be held in coordination with the Student Affairs Office. SEC. 12. Prohibition against the delectation of Force and Exaction and Excessive. All campus organization shall be prohibited from using force in initiation and from exacting excessive fees from their mem bers, as well as in their other students activities. CHAPTER IV RIGHT TO embark IN POLICY MAKINGSEC. 13. Representation in policy-making process. The student shall be represented in policy-making bodies (other than the governing board) which directly affect their welfare, especially in curriculum review, student discipline and academic standards. The representatives shall be designed by the student council. SEC. 14. Student Initiative and Referendum. The student council/government through a volume vote of all the members of the student body shall have the right to initiate the formulation, modification or rejection of a school policy bear on the students.The proposition for the formulation, modification or rejection of a school policy affecting the students shall be submitted to and approved by a majority of votes casts by all bona fide students of the school in an areas shall be excluded from the power of students on initiative or referendum (a) admission (b) curriculum gc) facu lty recruitment and elevate (d) rules on student conduct and discipline (e) tuition fees and (f) scholastic rules (e. g.academic impute and retention and graduation of students).CHAPTER V RIGHT TO FREE EXPRESSION AND education AND RIGHT TO ACADEMIC FREEDOM , SEC. 15. Right to be Informed. The right of the student to be given information upon request on matters directly affecting their welfare shall be recognized. SEC. 16. Freedom of Expression. Subject to existing laws and school rules and regulations, students shall have the right to freely express their view and opinions. SEC. 17. Academic Freedom.Students academic independence shall subject to school rules and regulations and the exercise by the school and members of the faculty of their single academic freedom, consist of, but is not limited to, the following rights (a) To conduct search in connection with academic work, and to freely discuss and stretch out their findings and recommendations (b) To conduct inquiry in cur ricular and extracurricular activities within the campus and in appropriate circumstances (c) To choose a field of study for research and to pursue the quest for truth to express their opinion on any subject of public or general concern which directly or indirectly affects the students of the educational system(d) To invite off-campus speakers or resource persons to student sponsored assemblies, fora, symposia, and other activities of similar nature (e) To express contrary interpretation or dissenting opinions inside and outside the classroom (f) To participate in the draft of a new curriculum and in the review or fiat of the old and (g) To participate in the drafting and/or revising of the student handbook which shall include the school rules and regulations, a copy of which shall be render the students upon admission to the school. , CHAPTER VI .RIGHT TO DUE PROCESS IN disciplinary PROCEEDINGS . SEC. 18. Right to Due Process. (a) (b) A student subject tot disciplinary proceedi ngs shall have the right to defend himself/herself, to be perceive and to present evidence on his/her behalf before an impartial body. There shall be a Student Disciplinary Board to be composed of twain (2) representatives form the school administration, one (1) faculty member, and two (2) students to conduct investigations into and conclude on cases student violation of disciplinary standards.The blacklisting, expulsion, suspension and other such disciplinary sanctions that may be taken against a student shall not be valid unless the following rights have been observed (1) the right to be informed in writing of the nature and cause of the accusations against his/her (2) the right to confront witnesses against him/her and to have full access to the evidence on the case (3) the right to defend himself/herself and to be defended by a represented or talk over of his/her choice, adequate time being given for the preparation of a self-denial (4) the right to a hearing before the st udent Disciplinary Board (5) the right against self incrimination and (6) the right to appeal adverse decisions of the Student Disciplinary Board to the governing board and ultimately to the appropriate education agencies. (c)The decision in any disciplinary proceeding must be rendered in the basis of relevant and sUbstantial evidence presented at the hearing, or at least contained in the record and disclosed to the student affected. The decision making body must act on its own independent stipulation of the facts of the case. The body should, in all controversial questions, render its decision in such a manner that the issues involved, and the reasons for any decision do are clear to the student. (d)Disciplinary sanctions shall be corrective rather publish on a periodic basis acts which are deem violate or school rules and regulations and the corresponding disciplinary sanctions do not violate the rights guaranteed herein and under the Constitution. CHAPTER VII OTHER RIGHTS SEC. 19. Right Against Unreasonable Searches and Seizures.Every student shall be free from any form of unreasonable search and seizure. shut for the following instances no search or seizure of a student shall be deemed valid (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Searches do at the point of ingress and progeny by authorized personnel of the school. Searches and seizures of illegal article or articles fall in the plain view of duly authorized personnel Searches and seizures of articles that are illegal, discovered inadvertently by duly authorized personnel Searches made when the student is about to commit, is committing or has just committed a evil or a serious infraction of the schools rules and regulations Searches made with a valid search warrant.Articles seized in violation of the here above mentioned provided rights shall not be used as evidence against the student in any disciplinary action that may be brought against him/her. SEC. 20. Access to School Records and Issuance of Official Certificat es. Subject to the provision of the following section, every student shall have access to her/him own school record, the confidentiality of which the school shall maintain. He/she shall have the right to be issued official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer credentials and other similar documents within thirty (30) days from the filing of request and motion of all pertinent requirements. SEC. 21.Unpaid Tuition Fees and Examination. No student shall be prohibited from taking a periodic or final trial because of unpaid tuition and other fees under the established terms of allowance prescribed by the school concemed and approved by the appropriate education agency. Students with delinquent fees permitted to take an examination shall nevertheless be subject to the right of the school concerned to withhold the release or issuance of such students school records or of the documents mentioned in the preceding section or to disavow such students admission at the next succeeding term or year until the prior delinquencies are fully paid.